Course Scope: Covers the second semester of general chemistry, focusing on modern chemical theory including solution chemistry, equilibrium, kinetics, electrochemistry, and nuclear chemistry.

Prerequisites and Corequisites: Requires completion of CHM 2045 and CHM 2045L; must be taken with or after CHM 2046L.

Learning Objectives:

• Understand and apply scientific concepts, principles, and paradigms in chemistry.

• Explain key topics such as solution formation, thermochemistry, kinetics, equilibrium, acids/bases, electrochemistry, and nuclear chemistry.

• Analyze and solve quantitative and qualitative chemistry problems.

• Critically evaluate scientific claims and arguments.

Instructional Methods:

• Hybrid class format: in-person and online sessions.

• Lecture recordings available within 24 hours after class.

• Active participation in discussions and assignments is expected.

Grading and Evaluation:

• Grades based on quizzes (15%), exams (60%), and a final exam (25%).

• Minimum grade of C required for next-level chemistry courses.

• Grading scale: A (92.0-94.9%), B (82.0-84.9%), C (70.0-72.9%), D (60.0-69.9%), F (<60%).

Key Topics and Schedule:

• Solution formation, vapor pressure, colligative properties, thermochemistry, entropy, and free energy.

• Kinetics: rates of reaction, rate laws, activation energy.

• Chemical equilibrium: constants, calculations, acids/bases, polyprotic acids.

• Electrochemistry: oxidation-reduction, galvanic and electrolytic cells.

• Nuclear chemistry.

Important Equations:

• q=mcΔT (heat transfer)

• K=CproductsCreactants (equilibrium constant)

• ΔG=ΔH-TΔS (Gibbs free energy)

• E=RTnF (Nernst equation for electrochemistry)

Policies:

• Makeup tests require documentation; late work is generally not accepted.

• Academic integrity is strictly enforced; violations may result in disciplinary action.

• Accommodations available for students with disabilities.

Support Services:

• Counseling and Psychological Services (CAPS) available for student support.

• Technical support and tutoring resources provided.

Required Materials:

• Textbook: "Chemistry" (Whitten et al., ISBN: 9781133610663).

• Reliable computer, internet, webcam, and scientific calculator required.