Question 1

Which of the following electron configurations correctly represents the ground state of phosphorus (Z = 15)?

Accepted Answer

$$1s^2$$\ $$2s^2$$\ $$2p^6$$\ $$3s^2$$\ $$3p^3$$

Question 2

According to the periodic trend, which element is the most electronegative in Group 7A?

Accepted Answer

F

Question 3

Which of the following statements is true regarding the oxygen atom in the molecule $$\ce{H3COH} ($$methanol)?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen possesses 8 octet electrons: 6 valence and 2 shared electrons.

Question 4

What is the formal charge on the central carbon atom in the thiocyanate ion ($$\ce{SCN^-}$$)? Use the formula: $$	ext{Formal Charge} = 	ext{Valence Electrons} - (	ext{Nonbonding Electrons} + \frac{1}{2}	ext{Bonding Electrons}).$$

Accepted Answer

0

Question 5

Which of the following is the correct Lewis Dot Structure for $$\ce{COCl2} ($$phosgene)?

Accepted Answer

O is double bonded to C, and each Cl is single bonded to C; all atoms have complete octets.

Question 6

Which of the following statements about resonance structures is correct?

Accepted Answer

Resonance structures differ only in the placement of electrons, not atoms.

Question 7

What is the hybridization of the central atom in $$\ce{HCN}$$, and how many unhybridized p orbitals does it have?

Accepted Answer

sp; 2 unhybridized p orbitals

Question 8

Which of the following molecules is polar?

Accepted Answer

$$\ce{NF3}$$

Question 9

Which functional group is present in the following structure: $$\ce{CH3COOH}$$?

Accepted Answer

Carboxylic acid

Question 10

Which of the following best describes an organic molecule?

Accepted Answer

A molecule containing both carbon and hydrogen atoms

Question 11

Which isotope of hydrogen contains one proton, one neutron, and one electron?

Accepted Answer

Deuterium ($$^2\ce{H})$$

Question 12

Which principle is being violated if two electrons in the same orbital have the same spin?

Accepted Answer

Pauli Exclusion Principle

Question 13

What is the condensed electron configuration for chlorine (Z = 17)?

Accepted Answer

[Ne] $$3s^2$$ $$3p^5$$

Question 14

Which of the following molecules contains a carbonyl group?

Accepted Answer

Acetone ($$\ce{CH3COCH3})$$

Question 15

Which of the following statements about the octet rule is correct?

Accepted Answer

Most main group elements tend to achieve 8 valence electrons through chemical bonding.

Question 16

Which of the following best describes a resonance hybrid?

Accepted Answer

A composite of all major resonance structures

Question 17

What is the correct number of valence electrons for nitrogen in ammonia ($$\ce{NH3}$$)?

Accepted Answer

5

Question 18

Which of the following molecules is nonpolar due to its perfect shape?

Accepted Answer

$$\ce{CO2}$$

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct statement about the Aufbau Principle?

Accepted Answer

Electrons fill the lowest energy orbitals first before moving to higher energy orbitals.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the hybridization and geometry of methane ($$\ce{CH4}$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$sp^3$$ hybridization; tetrahedral geometry

General Chemistry: Atomic Structure, Bonding, and Molecular Properties Study Notes

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