Question 1

A sample of seawater is analyzed and found to contain dissolved salts, water, and microscopic organisms. How should this sample be classified?
Correct answer: As a heterogeneous mixture, because its composition is not uniform throughout.

Accepted Answer

As a heterogeneous mixture, because its composition is not uniform throughout.

Question 2

Which of the following is an example of a chemical change?
Correct answer: Iron rusting when exposed to air.

Accepted Answer

Iron rusting when exposed to air.

Question 3

A chemist measures the boiling point of ethanol as 78.4°C. Which type of property is this, and why?
Correct answer: Intensive property, because it does not depend on the amount of ethanol.

Accepted Answer

Intensive property, because it does not depend on the amount of ethanol.

Question 4

Which of the following statements best distinguishes between physical and chemical properties?
Correct answer: Chemical properties describe how a substance interacts with other substances to form new substances.

Accepted Answer

Chemical properties describe how a substance interacts with other substances to form new substances.

Question 5

A student records the mass of a rock as 0.0250 kg. How many significant figures are in this measurement?
Correct answer: 4

Accepted Answer

4

Question 6

Which of the following is an extensive property?
Correct answer: Volume

Accepted Answer

Volume

Question 7

A hospital stores liquid oxygen at -183°C. What is this temperature in Kelvin?
Correct answer: 90.15 K

Accepted Answer

90.15 K

Question 8

Which of the following measurements is expressed correctly in scientific notation?
Correct answer: 5.6 × 10^-4

Accepted Answer

5.6 × 10^-4

Question 9

A laboratory technician measures the density of a solution as 1.034 g/mL. Which of the following best describes this property?
Correct answer: It is an intensive and physical property.

Accepted Answer

It is an intensive and physical property.

Question 10

A patient’s body temperature is measured as 38.5°C. What is this temperature in Kelvin?
Correct answer: 311.65 K

Accepted Answer

311.65 K

Question 11

A student multiplies 2.13 (3 sig figs) by 0.081 (2 sig figs) and gets 0.17253. How should the answer be reported?
Correct answer: 0.17

Accepted Answer

0.17

Question 12

Which of the following best explains why mass is considered an extensive property?
Correct answer: It depends on the amount of substance present.

Accepted Answer

It depends on the amount of substance present.

Question 13

A nurse needs to administer 0.250 L of saline solution. How many milliliters is this?
Correct answer: 250 mL

Accepted Answer

250 mL

Question 14

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates a physical change?
Correct answer: Water evaporating from a puddle.

Accepted Answer

Water evaporating from a puddle.

Question 15

A chemist combines two colorless solutions and observes the formation of a yellow solid. What type of change has occurred?
Correct answer: Chemical change, because a new substance formed.

Accepted Answer

Chemical change, because a new substance formed.

Question 16

Which of the following is the correct SI unit for measuring temperature in scientific experiments?
Correct answer: Kelvin

Accepted Answer

Kelvin

Question 17

A sample of gold has a mass of 15.0 g and a volume of 0.780 cm³. What is the density of gold, and how many significant figures should the answer have?
Correct answer: 19.23 g/cm³, 3 significant figures

Accepted Answer

19.23 g/cm³, 3 significant figures

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the difference between a compound and a mixture?
Correct answer: A compound consists of elements chemically combined in fixed ratios, while a mixture consists of substances physically combined.

Accepted Answer

A compound consists of elements chemically combined in fixed ratios, while a mixture consists of substances physically combined.

Question 19

A scientist records a measurement as $$4.20 × 10^3 m. $$Which metric prefix could be used to express this value without scientific notation?
Correct answer: 4.20 kilometers

Accepted Answer

4.20 kilometers

Question 20

A student adds 1.25 g of salt to 100.0 mL of water. After the salt dissolves, the total mass of the solution is measured as 101.2 g. Which rule about significant figures should be applied when reporting the total mass?
Correct answer: The answer should have as many decimal places as the measurement with the fewest decimal places.

Accepted Answer

The answer should have as many decimal places as the measurement with the fewest decimal places.

Fundamental Concepts in General Chemistry: Matter, Measurement, and Properties

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