Textbook Question
What is the systematic name for each of the following molecules or ions? Include cis or trans prefixes for diastereoisomers. Platinum is Pt(II) in square planar complexes and Pt(IV) in octahedral complexes.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
Ch.21 - Transition Elements and Coordination Chemistry
McMurry8th EditionChemistryISBN: 9781292336145
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Table of contents
- Ch.1 - Chemical Tools: Experimentation & Measurement170
- Ch.2 - Atoms, Molecules & Ions160
- Ch.3 - Mass Relationships in Chemical Reactions169
- Ch.4 - Reactions in Aqueous Solution199
- Ch.5 - Periodicity & Electronic Structure of Atoms102
- Ch.6 - Ionic Compounds: Periodic Trends and Bonding Theory92
- Ch.7 - Covalent Bonding and Electron-Dot Structures61
- Ch.8 - Covalent Compounds: Bonding Theories and Molecular Structure59
- Ch.9 - Thermochemistry: Chemical Energy122
- Ch.10 - Gases: Their Properties & Behavior155
- Ch.11 - Liquids & Phase Changes54
- Ch.12 - Solids and Solid-State Materials73
- Ch.13 - Solutions & Their Properties120
- Ch.14 - Chemical Kinetics98
- Ch.15 - Chemical Equilibrium125
- Ch.16 - Aqueous Equilibria: Acids & Bases110
- Ch.17 - Applications of Aqueous Equilibria147
- Ch.18 - Thermodynamics: Entropy, Free Energy & Equilibrium86
- Ch.19 - Electrochemistry154
- Ch.20 - Nuclear Chemistry96
- Ch.21 - Transition Elements and Coordination Chemistry156
- Ch.22 - The Main Group Elements187
- Ch.23 - Organic and Biological Chemistry51
Chapter 21, Problem 27b
Look at the location in the periodic table of elements A, B, C, and D. What is the electron configuration of the transition metal in each of the following ions?
(c) C3+
(d) DO42-
Verified step by step guidance1
insert step 1> Identify the elements C and D based on their positions in the periodic table. Transition metals are typically found in the d-block, which includes groups 3 to 12.
insert step 2> Determine the neutral electron configuration of element C. Transition metals often have electron configurations that end in the d subshell.
insert step 3> For the ion C3+, remove three electrons from the neutral electron configuration of element C. Electrons are typically removed from the outermost shell first, which may include the s and then the d subshell.
insert step 4> Determine the neutral electron configuration of element D. Since DO42- is an ion, identify the transition metal within this polyatomic ion.
insert step 5> For the ion DO42-, add two electrons to the neutral electron configuration of element D. This will typically involve adding electrons to the outermost shell, which may include the d subshell.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Electron Configuration
Electron configuration describes the distribution of electrons in an atom's orbitals. It follows the Aufbau principle, which states that electrons fill lower-energy orbitals first, and is represented using a notation that indicates the energy levels and sublevels occupied by electrons. Understanding electron configuration is crucial for predicting the chemical behavior and properties of elements, especially transition metals.
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01:33
Electron Configuration Example
Transition Metals
Transition metals are elements found in the d-block of the periodic table, characterized by their ability to form variable oxidation states and complex ions. They typically have partially filled d orbitals, which contribute to their unique properties, such as catalytic activity and the formation of colored compounds. Recognizing the specific transition metal involved is essential for determining the correct electron configuration in ions.
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03:12Transition Metals
Ionic Charge and Electron Loss
The ionic charge of an element indicates the number of electrons lost or gained when it forms an ion. For cations, such as C3+, electrons are removed from the outermost shell, while for anions, like DO42-, electrons are added. Understanding how to adjust the electron configuration based on the ionic charge is vital for accurately determining the electron configurations of ions.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Locate on the periodic table the transition elements with the following electron configurations. Identify each element.
(c) [Kr] 4d25s2
(d) [Xe] 4f36s2
Textbook Question
Locate on the periodic table the transition elements with the following electron configurations. Identify each element.
(a) [Ar] 3d74s2
(b) [Ar] 3d54s1
Textbook Question
The complete reaction of 2.60 g of chromium metal with 50.00 mL of 1.200 M H2SO4 in the absence of air gave a blue solution and a colorless gas that was collected at 25°C and a pressure of 735 mm Hg. (e) When an excess of KCN is added to the solution, the color changes, and the paramagnetism of the solution
decreases. Explain.
Textbook Question
Consider the following ethylenediamine complexes.
(a) Which complexes are chiral, and which are achiral?
(b) Draw the enantiomer of each chiral complex.
(c) Which, if any, of the chiral complexes are enantiomers of one another?
Textbook Question
Consider the following isomers [Cr(NH3)2Cl4]-.
(a) Label the isomers as cis or trans.
(b) Which isomers are identical, and which are different?
(c) Do any of these isomers exist as enantiomers? Explain.