Textbook Question
What is the systematic name for each of the following molecules or ions? Include cis or trans prefixes for diastereoisomers. Platinum is Pt(II) in square planar complexes and Pt(IV) in octahedral complexes.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
Ch.21 - Transition Elements and Coordination Chemistry
McMurry8th EditionChemistryISBN: 9781292336145
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Table of contents
- Ch.1 - Chemical Tools: Experimentation & Measurement170
- Ch.2 - Atoms, Molecules & Ions160
- Ch.3 - Mass Relationships in Chemical Reactions169
- Ch.4 - Reactions in Aqueous Solution199
- Ch.5 - Periodicity & Electronic Structure of Atoms102
- Ch.6 - Ionic Compounds: Periodic Trends and Bonding Theory92
- Ch.7 - Covalent Bonding and Electron-Dot Structures61
- Ch.8 - Covalent Compounds: Bonding Theories and Molecular Structure59
- Ch.9 - Thermochemistry: Chemical Energy122
- Ch.10 - Gases: Their Properties & Behavior155
- Ch.11 - Liquids & Phase Changes54
- Ch.12 - Solids and Solid-State Materials73
- Ch.13 - Solutions & Their Properties120
- Ch.14 - Chemical Kinetics98
- Ch.15 - Chemical Equilibrium125
- Ch.16 - Aqueous Equilibria: Acids & Bases110
- Ch.17 - Applications of Aqueous Equilibria147
- Ch.18 - Thermodynamics: Entropy, Free Energy & Equilibrium86
- Ch.19 - Electrochemistry154
- Ch.20 - Nuclear Chemistry96
- Ch.21 - Transition Elements and Coordination Chemistry156
- Ch.22 - The Main Group Elements187
- Ch.23 - Organic and Biological Chemistry51
Chapter 21, Problem 26b
Locate on the periodic table the transition elements with the following electron configurations. Identify each element.
(c) [Kr] 4d25s2
(d) [Xe] 4f36s2
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify the core electron configuration: For (c), the core is [Kr], and for (d), the core is [Xe].
Determine the additional electrons: For (c), add 4d^2 5s^2, and for (d), add 4f^3 6s^2.
Locate the period: For (c), the 5s and 4d orbitals indicate the 5th period. For (d), the 6s and 4f orbitals indicate the 6th period.
Identify the block: Both configurations involve d and f orbitals, indicating transition metals.
Find the element: For (c), locate the element with 2 electrons in the 4d subshell in the 5th period. For (d), locate the element with 3 electrons in the 4f subshell in the 6th period.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Electron Configuration
Electron configuration describes the distribution of electrons in an atom's orbitals. It is represented using a notation that indicates the energy levels and sublevels occupied by electrons. Understanding electron configurations is crucial for identifying elements, especially transition metals, as they often involve partially filled d and f orbitals.
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01:33
Electron Configuration Example
Transition Elements
Transition elements, or transition metals, are found in groups 3 to 12 of the periodic table. They are characterized by their ability to form variable oxidation states and complex ions, and they typically have partially filled d orbitals. This unique electron configuration contributes to their distinctive chemical properties, such as catalytic activity and the formation of colored compounds.
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03:30Transition Metals and Representative Elements
Periodic Table Positioning
The periodic table organizes elements based on their atomic number and electron configurations, which reflect their chemical properties. Transition metals are located in the central block of the table, and their positions can be determined by their electron configurations. Identifying an element based on its electron configuration requires knowledge of the periodic table's layout and the specific groups associated with transition metals.
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02:40Periodic Table Classifications
Related Practice
Textbook Question
Locate on the periodic table the transition elements with the following electron configurations. Identify each element.
(a) [Ar] 3d74s2
(b) [Ar] 3d54s1
Textbook Question
The complete reaction of 2.60 g of chromium metal with 50.00 mL of 1.200 M H2SO4 in the absence of air gave a blue solution and a colorless gas that was collected at 25°C and a pressure of 735 mm Hg. (e) When an excess of KCN is added to the solution, the color changes, and the paramagnetism of the solution
decreases. Explain.
Textbook Question
In acidic aqueous solution, the complex trans-[Co(en)2Cl1]2+(aq) undergoes the following substitution reaction:
trans-[Co(en)2Cl1]+(aq) + H2O(l) → trans-[Co(en)2(H2O)Cl]2+(aq) + Cl–(aq)
The reaction is first order in trans-[Co(en)2Cl2]+(aq), and the rate constant at 25°C is 3.2×10–5 s–1.
e. Draw a crystal field energy-level diagram for trans-[Co(en)2Cl2]+ that takes account of the fact that Cl– is a weaker-field ligand than ethylenediamine.
Textbook Question
Look at the location in the periodic table of elements A, B, C, and D. What is the electron configuration of the transition metal in each of the following ions?
(c) C3+
(d) DO42-
Textbook Question
Consider the following isomers [Cr(NH3)2Cl4]-.
(a) Label the isomers as cis or trans.
(b) Which isomers are identical, and which are different?
(c) Do any of these isomers exist as enantiomers? Explain.