Ch. R - Review of Basic Concepts

Lial13th EditionCollege AlgebraISBN: 9780136881063Not the one you use?Change textbook

Lial 13th Edition

Ch. R - Review of Basic Concepts

Problem 21

Chapter 1, Problem 21

Use set notation, and list all the elements of each set. {1, 1/2, 1/4, ...., 1/32} .

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Identify the pattern in the given set: the elements are fractions starting from 1 and each subsequent element is half of the previous one.

Express the elements as powers of $ \frac{1}{2} $. The first element is $ 1 = \left( \frac{1}{2} \right)^0 $, the second is $ \frac{1}{2} = \left( \frac{1}{2} \right)^1 $, the third is $ \frac{1}{4} = \left( \frac{1}{2} \right)^2 $, and so on.

Determine the exponent for the last element $ \frac{1}{32} $. Since $ \frac{1}{32} = \left( \frac{1}{2} \right)^5 $, the exponents go from 0 to 5.

Write the set in set-builder notation as $ \left\{ x \mid x = \left( \frac{1}{2} \right)^n, n \in \mathbb{Z}, 0 \leq n \leq 5 \right\} $.

List all the elements explicitly: $ \left\{ 1, \frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{4}, \frac{1}{8}, \frac{1}{16}, \frac{1}{32} \right\} $.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Set Notation

Set notation is a way to describe a collection of distinct objects, called elements, using curly braces {}. Elements are listed or described by a rule. For example, {1, 2, 3} lists elements explicitly, while {x | x is a positive integer less than 4} uses a rule.

Geometric Sequences

A geometric sequence is a list of numbers where each term is found by multiplying the previous term by a constant ratio. In this problem, the terms 1, 1/2, 1/4, ..., 1/32 form a geometric sequence with ratio 1/2.

Listing Elements of a Set

Listing elements of a set means writing out all individual members explicitly. For finite sets, this involves enumerating each element separated by commas within braces. Here, the set includes all terms from 1 down to 1/32 in the given sequence.

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