Choose all of the following post-transcriptional regulators of...

Question

Choose all of the following post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression.

a) Micro RNAs

b) siRNAs

c) RNA Polymerase Degradation

d) Exosomes

Accepted Answer

Hello, everyone. Choose all of the following post transcriptional regulators of gene expression. Okay, so we know there are tons of regulators of gene expression, but we're specifically being asked about post transcriptional regulators of gene expression? So after the mRNA has already been transcribed, how can we regulate how that mRNA is going to be expressed? Okay, so choose all the following post transcriptional regulators of gene expression. Okay, so we start off with microRNAs. What are gonna be these? Well, micro RNAs are going to be a specific type of non coding RNA. So this means that they are not like mRNA. They don't actually code for anything. They're actually gonna do a function. They're not actually gonna be turned into a protein like mRNA would. So these are non coding RNAs that are going to silence mRNA. Silence, did not spell that right. We're, they're going to silence mRNA by Complementary Bonding with mRNA. So, how does this actually function? Remember, microRNAs are going to be these small non coding RNAs that are complementary to a particular mRNA, and they're going to bind to that mRNA. And now that mRNA is double stranded, which means it cannot be translated and it cannot be turned into a protein. So, this is a regulator of gene expression because that gene is not being fully expressed if the protein is not being created. And the protein's not being created because the mRNA has been bound by this microRNA. Now, is this post transcriptional regulator? Yes. It is a post transcriptional regulator because the mRNA has already been transcribed and then the microRNA binds to it. So, yes, this is a post transcriptional regulator of gene expression. So choose all of the following. A is going to be an answer. So now, Let's see if any other answers here are correct as well because we might have more than one answer. Okay, so now we have siRNAs, which remember are small interfering RNAs. Now these are also going to be non coding RNAs, and how do they function? They're going to function a little bit differently from microRNAs, but they do RNA interference. So basically, you can think of them as interfering with the mRNA and its function. They're gonna do RNA interference by degrading mRNA. So they're basically going to chop up the mRNA and Excuse me. And if the mRNA is all chopped up, it can't be translated, right? So yes, this is a regulator of gene expression. Is it a post transcriptional regulator of gene expression? Yes, because the mRNA is already made and then the small interfering RNAs come and chop it all up. So, yes, transcription has already happened. So this is going to be another of our answers. Okay. So now we have 2 left. We have RNA polymerase degradation and Exosomes, and we're going to have to figure out if both of these are correct. Maybe this is an all of the above kind of question. Now, let's talk about Exosomes. What are those? Remember, Exosomes are also going to be very important for Interference with the RNA. So they also interfere with the RNA like small interfering RNAs and micro RNAs. So they interfere with RNA. But how do they do it? Remember, these are going to degrade the mRNA from the 5 prime end to the 3 prime end. You can basically just think of this as it is completely eating away the mRNA and destroying the mRNA from one end to the other. So is this a form of gene expression regulation? Yes, it is. It is destroying the mRNA which can never be translated. So is this post transcriptional? Degradation. So, basically, have here, RNA Polymerase Degradation? So, basically, they're saying that RNA Polymerase So I'm just going to write RNA Poly is destroyed. So, is this a form of gene expression regulation? Yes, it is entirely a form of gene expression regulation. Because if RNA polymerase is destroyed the mRNA cannot be created, so that gene is never expressed. Is this post transcriptional? It's not post transcriptional. This is actually pre transcriptional. Because the mRNA can never be created if RNA polymerase is destroyed because RNA polymerase makes mRNA. So this is before transcription because the mechanism of transcription is being destroyed. Transcription because the mechanism of transcription is being destroyed. So this is not going to be one of our answers because they're specifically asking us about post transcriptional Regulators. It is a regulator of gene expression, but it's a pre transcriptional Regulator of gene expression. So choose all of the following post transcriptional regulators of gene expression: micro RNAs, small interfering RNAs, and exosomes are all going to interfere with the mRNA and be post transcriptional regulators of gene expression. Okay, everyone. Let's go on to our next question.

Struggling with Cell Biology?

Choose all of the following post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression.

a) Micro RNAs
b) siRNAs
c) RNA Polymerase Degradation
d) Exosomes

Watch next

Post-Transcriptional Regulators practice set

Struggling with Cell Biology?

Choose all of the following post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression.a) Micro RNAsb) siRNAsc) RNA Polymerase Degradationd) Exosomes

Watch next

Post-Transcriptional Regulators practice set

Choose all of the following post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression.

a) Micro RNAs
b) siRNAs
c) RNA Polymerase Degradation
d) Exosomes