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Ch. 5 - Integration
Briggs - Calculus: Early Transcendentals 3rd Edition
Briggs3rd EditionCalculus: Early TranscendentalsISBN: 9780136847243Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 5, Problem 5.2.53b

Properties of integrals Suppose βˆ«β‚€Β³Ζ’(𝓍) d𝓍 = 2 , βˆ«β‚ƒβΆΖ’(𝓍) d𝓍 = ―5 , and βˆ«β‚ƒβΆg(𝓍) d𝓍 = 1. Evaluate the following integrals.
(b) βˆ«β‚ƒβΆ (―3g(𝓍)) d𝓍

Verified step by step guidance
1
Step 1: Recall the property of integrals that allows you to factor out constants. Specifically, for any constant c and function g(x), βˆ«β‚α΅‡ cΒ·g(x) dx = cΒ·βˆ«β‚α΅‡ g(x) dx.
Step 2: Apply this property to the given integral βˆ«β‚ƒβΆ (―3g(𝓍)) d𝓍. Here, the constant is ―3, so the integral becomes ―3Β·βˆ«β‚ƒβΆ g(𝓍) d𝓍.
Step 3: Substitute the value of βˆ«β‚ƒβΆ g(𝓍) d𝓍, which is provided as 1, into the expression from Step 2.
Step 4: Multiply the constant ―3 by the value of the integral βˆ«β‚ƒβΆ g(𝓍) d𝓍 to simplify the expression.
Step 5: The result of the multiplication gives the value of the integral βˆ«β‚ƒβΆ (―3g(𝓍)) d𝓍. Ensure you understand how the constant factor affects the integral.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Properties of Integrals

The properties of integrals, particularly the linearity property, state that the integral of a sum of functions is the sum of their integrals, and that a constant can be factored out of an integral. This means that for any constant 'c' and function 'f(x)', ∫c f(x) dx = c ∫f(x) dx. Understanding these properties is essential for simplifying and evaluating integrals.
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Definite Integrals

Definite integrals represent the signed area under a curve between two limits. The notation βˆ«β‚α΅‡ f(x) dx indicates the integral of f(x) from 'a' to 'b'. The value of a definite integral can be interpreted as the accumulation of quantities, and it can be positive, negative, or zero depending on the function's behavior over the interval.
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Substitution in Integrals

Substitution is a technique used in integration to simplify the process by changing the variable of integration. This method often involves setting u = g(x) for some function g, which transforms the integral into a more manageable form. Understanding how to apply substitution effectively can greatly aid in evaluating complex integrals.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question

{Use of Tech} Riemann sums for larger values of n Complete the following steps for the given function f and interval.


Ζ’(𝓍) = 3 √x on [0,4] ; n = 40

(b) Based on the approximations found in part (a), estimate the area of the region bounded by the graph of f and the x-axis on the interval.

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Textbook Question

Properties of integrals Use only the fact that βˆ«β‚€β΄ 3𝓍 (4 ―𝓍) d𝓍 = 32, and the definitions and properties of integrals, to evaluate the following integrals, if possible.

(b) βˆ«β‚€β΄ 𝓍(𝓍 ― 4) d(𝓍)

Textbook Question

{Use of Tech} Approximating net area The following functions are positive and negative on the given interval.


f(x) = sin 2x on [0,3Ο€/4]


(b) Approximate the net area bounded by the graph of f and the x-axis on the interval using a left, right, and midpoint Riemann sum with n = 4.

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Textbook Question

Working with area functions Consider the function Ζ’ and the points a, b, and c.

(b) Graph Ζ’ and A.

Ζ’(𝓍) = 1/𝓍 ; a = 1 , b = 4 , c = 6

Textbook Question

Properties of integrals Consider two functions Ζ’ and g on [1,6] such that βˆ«β‚βΆΖ’(𝓍) d𝓍 = 10 and βˆ«β‚βΆg(𝓍) d𝓍 = 5, βˆ«β‚„βΆΖ’(𝓍) d𝓍 = 5 , and βˆ«β‚β΄g(𝓍) d𝓍 = 2. Evaluate the following integrals.


(b) βˆ«β‚βΆ (f(𝓍) ― g(𝓍)) d𝓍

Textbook Question

The following functions are positive and negative on the given interval.

Ζ’(𝓍) = xe⁻ˣ on [-1,1]

(b) Approximate the net area bounded by the graph of f and the x-axis on the interval using a left, right, and midpoint Riemann sum with n = 4.

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