Textbook Question
Optimal soda can
a. Classical problem Find the radius and height of a cylindrical soda can with a volume of 354 cm³ that minimize the surface area.
Ch. 4 - Applications of the Derivative
Briggs3rd EditionCalculus: Early TranscendentalsISBN: 9780136847243
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Table of contents
- Ch. 1 - Functions210
- Ch. 2 - Limits371
- Ch. 3 - Derivatives633
- Ch. 4 - Applications of the Derivative412
- Ch. 5 - Integration328
- Ch. 6 - Applications of Integration331
- Ch. 7 - Logarithmic, Exponential Functions, and Hyperbolic Functions177
- Ch. 8 - Integration Techniques394
- Ch. 9 - Differential Equations179
- Ch. 10 - Sequences and Infinite Series339
- Ch. 11 - Power Series218
- Ch.12 - Parametric and Polar Curves215
Briggs3rd EditionCalculus: Early TranscendentalsISBN: 9780136847243Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 4, Problem 4.9.111a
Explain why or why not Determine whether the following statements are true and give an explanation or counterexample.
a. F(x) = x³ - 4x + 100 and G(x) = x³ - 4x - 100 are antiderivatives of the same function.
Verified step by step guidance1
Recall that two functions are antiderivatives of the same function if their derivatives are equal, which means they differ by only a constant.
Find the derivative of \( F(x) = x^3 - 4x + 100 \). Using the power rule and constant rule, \( F'(x) = 3x^2 - 4 \).
Find the derivative of \( G(x) = x^3 - 4x - 100 \). Similarly, \( G'(x) = 3x^2 - 4 \).
Since \( F'(x) = G'(x) = 3x^2 - 4 \), both \( F(x) \) and \( G(x) \) are antiderivatives of the same function \( f(x) = 3x^2 - 4 \).
The difference between \( F(x) \) and \( G(x) \) is a constant (\( 200 \)), which confirms they are antiderivatives of the same function.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Antiderivative (Indefinite Integral)
An antiderivative of a function f(x) is another function F(x) whose derivative is f(x). It represents the reverse process of differentiation and is expressed as an indefinite integral, including an arbitrary constant C since differentiation eliminates constants.
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Constant of Integration
When finding antiderivatives, any constant term disappears upon differentiation. Therefore, all antiderivatives of a function differ by a constant, called the constant of integration, which accounts for all possible vertical shifts of the antiderivative graph.
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Verifying Antiderivatives by Differentiation
To determine if two functions are antiderivatives of the same function, differentiate both and compare their derivatives. If the derivatives are identical, the functions differ only by a constant and are antiderivatives of the same function.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Explain why or why not Determine whether the following statements are true and give an explanation or counterexample.
a. The function f(x) = √x has a local maximum on the interval [0,∞).
Textbook Question
Maximizing profit Suppose a tour guide has a bus that holds a maximum of 100 people. Assume his profit (in dollars) for taking people on a city tour is P(n) = n(50 - 0.5n) - 100. (Although P is defined only for positive integers, treat it as a continuous function.)
a. How many people should the guide take on a tour to maximize the profit?
Textbook Question
Values of related functions Suppose f is differentiable on (-∞,∞) and assume it has a local extreme value at the point x = 2, where f(2) = 0. Let g(x) = xf(x) + 1 and let h(x) = xf(x) + x +1, for all values of x.
a. Evaluate g(2), h(2), g'(2), and h'(2).
Textbook Question
{Use of Tech} Elliptic curves The equation y² = x³ - ax + 3, where a is a parameter, defines a well-known family of elliptic curves.
a. Plot a graph of the curve when a = 3.
Textbook Question
{Use of Tech} Fixed points of quadratics and quartics Let f(x) = ax(1 -x), where a is a real number and 0 ≤ a ≤ 1. Recall that the fixed point of a function is a value of x such that f(x) = x (Exercises 48–51).
a. Without using a calculator, find the values of a, with 0 ≤ a ≤ 4, such that f has a fixed point. Give the fixed point in terms of a.