Question 1

According to the central dogma of molecular biology, what is the correct sequence of information flow in a cell?

Accepted Answer

DNA $$\rightarrow$$ RNA $$\rightarrow$$ Protein

Question 2

Which of the following best defines a gene?

Accepted Answer

A sequence of DNA that encodes a product, such as a protein.

Question 3

During transcription, which strand of DNA has the same sequence as the RNA molecule being created (except for uracil replacing thymine)?

Accepted Answer

Coding strand

Question 4

Which of the following statements about transcription is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

Transcription is the process that creates a DNA product from an RNA template.

Question 5

Which of the following properties is NOT shared by RNA polymerase and DNA polymerase?

Accepted Answer

Can initiate strand synthesis.

Question 6

Transcription in eukaryotes requires which of the following molecules in addition to RNA polymerase?

Accepted Answer

Transcription factors.

Question 7

Which of the following is the correct mRNA transcript for the DNA template strand 3'-ATGACCGGCAGTACAT-5'?

Accepted Answer

5'-UACUGGCCGUCAUGUA-3'

Question 8

Which of the following processes occurs during eukaryotic gene expression?

Accepted Answer

A cap is added to the 5' end of the mRNA.

Question 9

What is the function of the poly-A tail added to eukaryotic mRNA?

Accepted Answer

It facilitates export of mRNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm.

Question 10

Which of the following statements is true regarding the directionality of RNA polymerase during transcription?

Accepted Answer

RNA polymerase synthesizes RNA in the 5' to 3' direction.

Question 11

Which of the following occurs during the initiation step of DNA transcription?

Accepted Answer

RNA polymerase attaches to the DNA at the promoter sequence of the gene.

Question 12

Which of the following is a major difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic transcription termination?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic termination forms a pre-mRNA molecule requiring further modification.

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a step in eukaryotic mRNA processing?

Accepted Answer

Attachment of the mRNA to the ribosome before export from the nucleus.

Question 14

Which of the following statements about the relationship between the coding strand and the template strand in transcription is correct?

Accepted Answer

The coding strand has the same sequence as the RNA transcript except thymine is replaced by uracil.

Question 15

Which of the following is a function of the promoter region in a gene?

Accepted Answer

It is the DNA sequence where RNA polymerase binds to begin transcription.

Question 16

Which of the following statements about RNA polymerase is true?

Accepted Answer

RNA polymerase does not require a primer to begin synthesis.

Question 17

Which of the following is the correct order of steps in transcription?

Accepted Answer

Initiation $$\rightarrow$$ Elongation $$\rightarrow$$ Termination

Question 18

Which of the following is a consequence of the antiparallel nature of the DNA template and RNA transcript?

Accepted Answer

The RNA transcript is synthesized in the 5' to 3' direction while the template strand is read in the 3' to 5' direction.

Question 19

Which of the following is a real-world consequence of a mutation in the promoter region of a gene?

Accepted Answer

RNA polymerase may not bind, resulting in reduced or absent gene expression.

Transcription and RNA Processing: Central Dogma and Gene Expression

Study Guide - Practice Questions