$$\text{Formal Charge} = \text{Group Number} - \text{Nonbonding Electrons} - \frac{1}{2} \times \text{Bonding Electrons}$$

Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes an organic molecule?

Accepted Answer

A molecule that contains a mixture of carbon and hydrogen atoms, and may also contain other elements such as oxygen or nitrogen.

Question 2

Which isotope of hydrogen contains one proton, one neutron, and one electron?

Accepted Answer

Deuterium

Question 3

What is the formula for calculating the formal charge of an atom?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Formal Charge} = 	ext{Group Number} - 	ext{Nonbonding Electrons} - \frac{1}{2} 	imes 	ext{Bonding Electrons}$$

Question 4

Which principle states that electrons fill orbitals of lowest energy first?

Accepted Answer

Aufbau Principle

Question 5

In molecular orbital theory, what is the result of constructive interference between atomic orbitals?

Accepted Answer

A bonding molecular orbital

Question 6

Which of the following molecules violates the octet rule?

Accepted Answer

BF$$_3$$

Question 7

What is the hybridization and geometry of the central atom in methane (CH$$_4$$)?

Accepted Answer

sp$$^3$$ hybridization, tetrahedral geometry

Question 8

Which of the following best describes a sigma ($$\sigma) $$bond?

Accepted Answer

A bond formed by the end-to-end overlap of orbitals.

Question 9

Which of the following molecules contains a net dipole moment?

Accepted Answer

CH$$_3Cl$$

Question 10

What is the major contributor to a resonance hybrid?

Accepted Answer

The structure with the least separation of opposite charges and full octets.

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a functional group in organic chemistry?

Accepted Answer

Carboxyl

Question 12

How many pi ($$\pi) $$bonds are present in a molecule of ethyne (C$$_2H$_2$$)?

Accepted Answer

Two

Question 13

Which of the following solvents is polar?

Accepted Answer

Ethanol

Question 14

What is the correct condensed structural formula for 2-methylpropan-2-ol?

Accepted Answer

(CH$$_3$$)$$_3$$COH

Question 15

Which rule states that no two electrons in an atom can have the same set of quantum numbers?

Accepted Answer

Pauli Exclusion Principle

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the movement of electrons in resonance structures?

Accepted Answer

Electrons move from regions of high electron density to low electron density.

Question 17

What is the bond angle in a molecule with tetrahedral geometry?

Accepted Answer

$$109.5^\circ$$

Question 18

Which of the following atoms can have an expanded octet?

Accepted Answer

Sulfur

Question 19

Which of the following is the correct order of bond strength from strongest to weakest?

Accepted Answer

Triple bond \u003e Double bond \u003e Single bond

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why carbon can form four bonds?

Accepted Answer

Carbon has four valence electrons that can pair with electrons from other atoms.

Study Guide: Chemical Bonding and Molecular Shapes (Organic Chemistry Foundations)

Study Guide - Practice Questions