Question 1

Which of the following structures is found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Ribosomes

Question 2

A scientist discovers a cell with a nucleoid region, a cell wall, and no membrane-bound organelles. What type of cell is this most likely to be?

Accepted Answer

Prokaryotic cell

Question 3

Which organelle is responsible for modifying, sorting, and shipping proteins produced in the rough ER?

Accepted Answer

Golgi apparatus

Question 4

A white blood cell engulfs a bacterium. Which organelle is primarily responsible for digesting the bacterium?

Accepted Answer

Lysosome

Question 5

Which of the following is a function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (ER)?

Accepted Answer

Lipid synthesis

Question 6

Which structure in plant cells is responsible for photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Chloroplast

Question 7

According to the endosymbiotic theory, which evidence supports the idea that mitochondria and chloroplasts were once independent prokaryotes?

Accepted Answer

They have a double membrane and their own DNA

Question 8

Which of the following cell junctions allows for direct cytoplasmic communication between adjacent animal cells?

Accepted Answer

Gap junctions

Question 9

What is the main macromolecule that makes up the plant cell wall?

Accepted Answer

Cellulose

Question 10

Which cytoskeletal element is primarily responsible for the movement of cilia and flagella?

Accepted Answer

Microtubules

Question 11

A mutation prevents the formation of integrins in an animal cell. Which process would be most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Communication between the cell interior and exterior

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the function of the nucleolus?

Accepted Answer

Site of rRNA synthesis and ribosomal subunit assembly

Question 13

If a cell's lysosomes are nonfunctional, which process would be most impaired?

Accepted Answer

Digestion of macromolecules

Question 14

Which equation correctly represents the process of cellular respiration occurring in mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6O_2 \rightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + ATP}$$

Question 15

Which organelle is most directly involved in the synthesis of proteins that will be secreted from the cell?

Accepted Answer

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Question 16

A mutation in a plant cell prevents the formation of plasmodesmata. What is the most likely consequence?

Accepted Answer

Impaired communication and transport between adjacent cells

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a component of the endomembrane system?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why antibiotics that target bacterial ribosomes do not harm human cells?

Accepted Answer

Bacterial ribosomes are structurally different from eukaryotic ribosomes

Question 19

Which of the following is a real-life example of a human cell with a flagellum?

Accepted Answer

Sperm cell

Question 20

Which equation represents the process of photosynthesis in chloroplasts?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{6CO_2 + 6H_2O \rightarrow C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6O_2}$$

A Tour of the Cell: Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cell Structure and Function

Study Guide - Practice Questions