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Ch. 29 Development and Inheritance
Martini - Fundamentals of Anatomy and Physiology 12th Edition
Martini, Nath, Bartholomew12th EditionFundamentals of Anatomy and PhysiologyISBN: 9780137854011Not the one you use?Change textbook
All textbooksMartini, Nath, Bartholomew 12th EditionCh. 29 Development and InheritanceProblem 5
Chapter 28, Problem 5

The stage of development that follows cleavage is the
(a) Blastocyst
(b) Morula
(c) Trophoblast
(d) Blastocoele

Verified step by step guidance
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Step 1: Understand the process of early embryonic development, which begins with fertilization followed by cleavage, a series of rapid mitotic cell divisions.
Step 2: Recognize that cleavage results in a solid ball of cells called the morula, which is the immediate stage following cleavage.
Step 3: Know that after the morula stage, the embryo develops a fluid-filled cavity called the blastocoele, forming the blastocyst.
Step 4: Identify that the trophoblast is a layer of cells forming the outer layer of the blastocyst, important for implantation but not a stage itself.
Step 5: Conclude that the stage directly following cleavage is the morula, making option (b) the correct developmental stage after cleavage.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Cleavage

Cleavage is the initial series of rapid mitotic cell divisions following fertilization, resulting in a multicellular embryo without increasing its overall size. This process partitions the zygote into smaller cells called blastomeres, setting the stage for further embryonic development.
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Cleavage: Days 2-3

Morula

The morula is the solid ball of cells formed after several rounds of cleavage. It typically consists of 16-32 blastomeres and represents the stage before the embryo develops a fluid-filled cavity, marking a key transition in early embryogenesis.
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Early Embryonic Development Example 2

Blastocyst

The blastocyst is the stage following the morula, characterized by the formation of a fluid-filled cavity called the blastocoele. It has an outer cell layer (trophoblast) and an inner cell mass, which will give rise to the embryo proper, making it crucial for implantation.
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Blastocyst Formation: Days 4-5
Related Practice
Textbook Question

The pre-embryo develops into a multicellular complex known as a 

(a) Blastocyst

(b) Trophoblast

(c) Lacuna

(d) Blastomere

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Textbook Question

The structure(s) that allow(s) active and passive exchange between the fetal and maternal bloodstreams is/are the 

(a) Yolk stalk

(b) Chorionic villi

(c) Umbilical veins

(d) Umbilical arteries

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Textbook Question

Identify the two extra-embryonic membranes and the three different regions of the endometrium at week 10 of development in the following diagram.

a. ___

b. ___

c. ___

d. ___

e. ___

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Textbook Question

Recessive X-linked traits 

(a) Are passed from fathers to their sons

(b) Are more likely to be expressed in males

(c) Always affect some aspect of the reproductive system

(d) Are never expressed in females

(e) Cannot be passed from mothers to daughters

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Textbook Question

The chorionic villi 

(a) Form the umbilical cord

(b) Form the umbilical vein

(c) Form the umbilical arteries

(d) Increase the surface area available for exchange between the placenta and maternal blood

(e) Form the portion of the placenta called the capsular decidua

Textbook Question

If an allele must be present on both the maternal and paternal chromosomes to affect the phenotype, the allele is said to be 

(a) Dominant

(b) Recessive

(c) Complementary

(d) Heterozygous

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