Textbook Question
More than one choice may apply. Which of the following hormones is (are) secreted by neurons?
a. Oxytocin
b. Insulin
c. ADH
d. Cortisol
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Ch. 9 The Endocrine System
Marieb13th EditionEssentials of Human Anatomy & PhysiologyISBN: 9780135624340
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Table of contents
- Ch. 1 The Human Body: An Orientation23
- Ch. 2 Basic Chemistry22
- Ch. 3 Cells and Tissues20
- Ch. 4 Skin and Body Membranes13
- Ch. 5 The Skeletal System38
- Ch. 6 The Muscular System26
- Ch. 7 The Nervous System26
- Ch. 8 Special Senses12
- Ch. 9 The Endocrine System24
- Ch. 10 Blood22
- Ch. 11 Cardiovascular System29
- Ch. 12 The Lymphatic System and Body Defenses21
- Ch. 13 The Respiratory System7
- Ch. 14 The Digestive System and Body Metabolism13
- Ch. 15 The Urinary System23
- Ch. 16 The Reproductive System15
Marieb13th EditionEssentials of Human Anatomy & PhysiologyISBN: 9780135624340Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 9, Problem 2
More than one choice may apply. Which is generally true of hormones?
a. Exocrine glands produce them.
b. They travel throughout the body in the blood.
c. They affect only non–hormone-producing organs.
d. All steroid hormones produce very similar physiological effects in the body.
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the definition of hormones. Hormones are chemical messengers secreted by endocrine glands that regulate physiological processes in the body. They are distinct from substances produced by exocrine glands, which release their products into ducts rather than the bloodstream.
Step 2: Evaluate option (a). Exocrine glands do not produce hormones; they produce substances like sweat, saliva, or digestive enzymes. Hormones are produced by endocrine glands, such as the pituitary, thyroid, and adrenal glands.
Step 3: Evaluate option (b). Hormones are transported throughout the body via the bloodstream, allowing them to reach target cells or organs and exert their effects.
Step 4: Evaluate option (c). Hormones can affect hormone-producing organs as well as non-hormone-producing organs. For example, the pituitary gland secretes hormones that regulate other endocrine glands, such as the thyroid and adrenal glands.
Step 5: Evaluate option (d). Steroid hormones, such as cortisol, estrogen, and testosterone, have diverse physiological effects depending on their specific roles in the body. They do not produce very similar effects; each has a unique function.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Hormone Production
Hormones are primarily produced by endocrine glands, not exocrine glands. Endocrine glands, such as the pituitary, thyroid, and adrenal glands, secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream, allowing them to travel throughout the body and exert their effects on various target organs.
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Hormonal Transport
Hormones are transported through the bloodstream, which serves as a delivery system to carry these chemical messengers to different parts of the body. This transport mechanism enables hormones to reach distant organs and tissues, where they can initiate specific physiological responses.
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Hormonal Effects
Hormones can affect a wide range of target organs, including both hormone-producing and non-hormone-producing tissues. Their effects are not limited to specific organs; instead, they can influence various physiological processes across multiple systems in the body, depending on the type of hormone and its receptors.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
More than one choice may apply. The major endocrine organs of the body
a. Tend to be very large organs
b. Are closely connected with each other
c. All contribute to the same function (digestion)
d. Tend to lie near the midline of the body
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Textbook Question
Match the letter of the digestive organ shown in the figure with its function.
___ produces both endocrine and exocrine secretions
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Textbook Question
More than one choice may apply.
ANP, the hormone secreted by the heart, has exactly the opposite function to this hormone secreted by the outermost zone of the adrenal cortex.
a. Epinephrine
b. Cortisol
c. Aldosterone
d. Testosterone
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