Textbook Question
Distinguish inorganic from organic compounds, and list the major categories of each in the body.
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Ch. 2 Basic Chemistry
Marieb13th EditionEssentials of Human Anatomy & PhysiologyISBN: 9780135624340
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Table of contents
- Ch. 1 The Human Body: An Orientation23
- Ch. 2 Basic Chemistry22
- Ch. 3 Cells and Tissues20
- Ch. 4 Skin and Body Membranes13
- Ch. 5 The Skeletal System38
- Ch. 6 The Muscular System26
- Ch. 7 The Nervous System26
- Ch. 8 Special Senses12
- Ch. 9 The Endocrine System24
- Ch. 10 Blood22
- Ch. 11 Cardiovascular System29
- Ch. 12 The Lymphatic System and Body Defenses21
- Ch. 13 The Respiratory System7
- Ch. 14 The Digestive System and Body Metabolism13
- Ch. 15 The Urinary System23
- Ch. 16 The Reproductive System15
Marieb13th EditionEssentials of Human Anatomy & PhysiologyISBN: 9780135624340Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 2, Problem 21
Define pH. The pH range of blood is from 7.35 to 7.45. Circle the correct answer to complete the sentence: This is slightly (acidic / basic).
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Define pH. pH is a measure of the hydrogen ion concentration ([H⁺]) in a solution, indicating its acidity or basicity. It is calculated using the formula: pH = -log₁₀[H⁺]. A pH of 7 is neutral, values below 7 are acidic, and values above 7 are basic.
Step 2: Understand the pH range of blood. The normal pH range of blood is from 7.35 to 7.45, which is slightly above 7, indicating it is not neutral but slightly basic.
Step 3: Compare the blood pH range to the neutral pH value of 7. Since the blood pH range is greater than 7, it falls into the basic category.
Step 4: Circle the correct answer in the sentence provided. Based on the analysis, the correct answer is 'basic.'
Step 5: Review the importance of maintaining blood pH within this range. Blood pH is tightly regulated because deviations can disrupt enzyme function and cellular processes, leading to health issues such as acidosis or alkalosis.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
pH Definition
pH is a measure of the acidity or basicity of a solution, quantified on a scale from 0 to 14. A pH of 7 is considered neutral, values below 7 indicate acidity, and values above 7 indicate basicity. The pH scale is logarithmic, meaning each whole number change represents a tenfold change in hydrogen ion concentration.
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pH Scale
Blood pH Range
The normal pH range of human blood is between 7.35 and 7.45, which is slightly basic. Maintaining this narrow range is crucial for proper physiological function, as deviations can lead to acidosis (low pH) or alkalosis (high pH), both of which can have serious health implications.
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Acidic vs. Basic
A solution is classified as acidic if it has a pH less than 7 and basic if it has a pH greater than 7. Since the blood pH range is slightly above 7, it is considered basic. Understanding this distinction is essential for interpreting the physiological state of the body and its metabolic processes.
Related Practice
Textbook Question
Pediatricians become concerned about the potential for brain damage when an infant's temperature approaches 105°F. Which class of organic molecules is most likely to be damaged by high temperature? Explain why.
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Textbook Question
What are hydrogen bonds, and how are they important in the body?
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Textbook Question
Sarah has a lower than normal amount of body fat. She tends to be chilly except on very hot days. Lauren has a higher than normal amount of body fat and tends to feel overheated most of the time. Explain the relative sensitivity to environmental temperature of these two women on the basis of information you have been given in the Organic Compounds section of this chapter.
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Textbook Question
Mrs. Roberts, who is in a diabetic coma, has just been admitted to Noble Hospital. Her blood pH indicates that she is in severe acidosis (blood pH in the acid range), and the medical staff quickly institute measures to bring her blood pH back within normal limits. Note the normal pH of blood, and discuss why severe acidosis is a problem.
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Textbook Question
Identify each of the following reactions as a synthesis, decomposition, or exchange reaction:
2Hg + O₂ 2HgO
Fe²¹ + CuSO₄ → FeSO₄ + Cu²¹
HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H₂O
HNO₃ → H⁺ + NO₃⁻