Ch. 11 Cardiovascular System

Marieb - Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology 13th Edition

Marieb13th EditionEssentials of Human Anatomy & PhysiologyISBN: 9780135624340Not the one you use?Change textbook

Marieb 13th Edition

Ch. 11 Cardiovascular System

Problem 21

Chapter 11, Problem 21

Trace one drop of blood from the time it enters the right atrium of the heart until it enters the left atrium. What is this circuit called?

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Begin by identifying the starting point of the blood drop in the right atrium. Blood enters the right atrium from the superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, or coronary sinus, carrying deoxygenated blood from the body.

Step 2: From the right atrium, the blood passes through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle. The tricuspid valve ensures one-way flow and prevents backflow into the atrium.

Step 3: The right ventricle contracts, pushing the blood through the pulmonary semilunar valve into the pulmonary trunk. The blood then travels through the pulmonary arteries to the lungs. This marks the beginning of the pulmonary circuit, which is responsible for oxygenating the blood.

Step 4: In the lungs, gas exchange occurs. Carbon dioxide is released from the blood into the alveoli, and oxygen is absorbed into the blood. The now oxygenated blood returns to the heart via the pulmonary veins.

Step 5: The oxygenated blood enters the left atrium of the heart, completing the pulmonary circuit. This circuit is specifically called the pulmonary circulation, which is distinct from systemic circulation.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Circulatory System

The circulatory system is a complex network responsible for transporting blood, nutrients, gases, and waste products throughout the body. It consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood. Understanding this system is crucial for tracing the path of blood and recognizing how it supports bodily functions.

Pulmonary Circulation

Pulmonary circulation refers to the pathway of blood flow from the right side of the heart to the lungs and back to the left side of the heart. This circuit is essential for oxygenating blood, as it allows carbon dioxide to be expelled and oxygen to be absorbed. It begins when deoxygenated blood enters the right atrium and ends when oxygenated blood returns to the left atrium.

Cardiac Cycle

The cardiac cycle encompasses the sequence of events that occur during one heartbeat, including the contraction and relaxation of the heart chambers. It is divided into systole (contraction) and diastole (relaxation). Understanding the cardiac cycle is important for comprehending how blood moves through the heart and the timing of blood flow during the pulmonary circuit.

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Events in the Cardiac Cycle

Related Practice

Textbook Question

How does the heart's ability to contract differ from that of other muscles of the body?

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Textbook Question

Draw a diagram of the heart showing the three layers composing its wall and its four chambers. Label each. Show where the AV and semilunar valves are, and name them. Show and label all blood vessels entering and leaving the heart chambers.

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Textbook Question

Name three different factors that increase heart rate.

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Textbook Question

More than one choice may apply.

Using the figure, determine which vessels have the most resistance.

a. Arteries

b. Veins

c. Capillaries

d. Arterioles

e. Venules