Textbook Question
Which ANS fibers release acetylcholine? Which release norepinephrine?
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Ch. 14 The Autonomic Nervous System
Marieb, Hoehn11th EditionHuman Anatomy & PhysiologyISBN: 9780136874034
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Table of contents
- Ch. 1 The Human Body: An Orientation24
- Ch. 2 Chemistry Comes Alive25
- Ch. 3 Cells: The Living Units21
- Ch. 4 Tissue: The Living Fabric20
- Ch. 5 The Integumentary System11
- Ch. 6 Bones and Skeletal Tissues19
- Ch. 7 The Skeleton14
- Ch. 8 Joints7
- Ch. 9 Muscles and Muscle Tissue26
- Ch. 10 The Muscular System26
- Ch. 11 Fundamentals of the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue19
- Ch. 12 The Central Nervous System26
- Ch. 13 The Peripheral Nervous System and Reflex Activity32
- Ch. 14 The Autonomic Nervous System19
- Ch. 15 The Special Senses26
- Ch. 16 The Endocrine System23
- Ch. 17 Blood25
- Ch. 18 The Cardiovascular System: The Heart24
- Ch. 19 The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels27
- Ch. 20 The Lymphatic System and Lymphoid Organs and Tissues14
- Ch. 21 The Immune System: Innate and Adaptive Body Defenses27
- Ch. 22 The Respiratory System21
- Ch. 23 The Digestive System31
- Ch. 24 Nutrition, Metabolism, and Energy Balance26
- Ch. 25 The Urinary System26
- Ch. 26 Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance24
- Ch. 27 The Reproductive System24
- Ch. 28 Pregnancy and Human Development25
- Ch. 29 Heredity11
Marieb, Hoehn11th EditionHuman Anatomy & PhysiologyISBN: 9780136874034Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 14, Problem 2b
Relate each of the following terms or phrases to either the sympathetic (S) or parasympathetic (P) division of the autonomic nervous system:
______ (7) Generally short-duration action
______ (8) Increases heart rate and blood pressure
______ (9) Increases gastric motility and secretion of lacrimal, salivary, and digestive juices
______ (10) Innervates blood vessels
______ (11) Most active when you are relaxing in a hammock
______ (12) Active when you are running in the Boston Marathon
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system: the sympathetic (S) division, which is responsible for the 'fight or flight' response, and the parasympathetic (P) division, which is responsible for the 'rest and digest' response.
Step 2: Relate the term 'generally short-duration action' to the sympathetic (S) division, as its effects are typically brief and designed for immediate response.
Step 3: Relate the term 'increases heart rate and blood pressure' to the sympathetic (S) division, as it prepares the body for action during stressful situations.
Step 4: Relate the term 'increases gastric motility and secretion of lacrimal, salivary, and digestive juices' to the parasympathetic (P) division, as it promotes digestion and relaxation processes.
Step 5: Relate the term 'innervates blood vessels' to the sympathetic (S) division, as it controls vasoconstriction and vasodilation, and the terms 'most active when you are relaxing in a hammock' and 'active when you are running in the Boston Marathon' to the parasympathetic (P) and sympathetic (S) divisions respectively, based on their roles in relaxation and physical exertion.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Sympathetic Division
The sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system is responsible for the body's 'fight or flight' response. It prepares the body for stressful or emergency situations by increasing heart rate, blood pressure, and redirecting blood flow to essential organs and muscles. This division typically produces short-duration actions, allowing for quick responses to immediate threats.
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Review of the Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Divisions
Parasympathetic Division
The parasympathetic division is often referred to as the 'rest and digest' system. It promotes relaxation and conservation of energy by slowing the heart rate, increasing gastric motility, and stimulating the secretion of digestive juices. This division is most active during restful states, such as when a person is relaxing, and it counteracts the effects of the sympathetic division.
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4:39Review of the Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Divisions
Autonomic Nervous System
The autonomic nervous system (ANS) regulates involuntary physiological functions, including heart rate, blood pressure, respiration, and digestion. It is divided into two main branches: the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions, which work in opposition to maintain homeostasis. Understanding the roles of these divisions is crucial for analyzing how the body responds to different stimuli and conditions.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
The white rami communicantes contain what kind of fibers?
a. Preganglionic parasympathetic
b. Postganglionic parasympathetic
c. Preganglionic sympathetic
d. Postganglionic sympathetic
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Textbook Question
All of the following characterize the ANS except
a. A two-neuron efferent chain
b. Presence of neuron cell bodies in the CNS
c. Presence of neuron cell bodies in the ganglia
d. Innervation of skeletal muscles
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Textbook Question
Collateral sympathetic ganglia are involved with innervating
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Textbook Question
Relate each of the following terms or phrases to either the sympathetic (S) or parasympathetic (P) division of the autonomic nervous system:
______ (1) Short preganglionic, long postganglionic fibers
______ (2) Intramural ganglia
______ (3) Craniosacral part
______ (4) Adrenergic fibers
______ (5) Cervical ganglia
______ (6) Otic and ciliary ganglia
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