Ch. 1 The Human Body: An Orientation

Marieb - Human Anatomy & Physiology 11th Edition

Marieb, Hoehn11th EditionHuman Anatomy & PhysiologyISBN: 9780136874034Not the one you use?Change textbook

Marieb, Hoehn 11th Edition

Ch. 1 The Human Body: An Orientation

Problem 4

Chapter 1, Problem 4

Two of these organ systems bear the major responsibility for ensuring homeostasis of the internal environment. Which two?
a. Nervous system
b. Digestive system
c. Cardiovascular system
d. Endocrine system
e. Reproductive system

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Understand the concept of homeostasis, which is the body's ability to maintain a stable internal environment despite external changes.

Step 2: Identify which organ systems are primarily involved in detecting changes and coordinating responses to maintain homeostasis.

Step 3: Recognize that the nervous system plays a key role by rapidly detecting changes and sending electrical signals to effectors.

Step 4: Recognize that the endocrine system also contributes by releasing hormones that regulate longer-term adjustments in the body.

Step 5: Conclude that the two organ systems most responsible for maintaining homeostasis are the nervous system and the endocrine system.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Homeostasis

Homeostasis is the process by which the body maintains a stable internal environment despite external changes. It involves regulating factors like temperature, pH, and fluid balance to ensure optimal functioning of cells and organs.

Nervous System

The nervous system controls and coordinates body activities by transmitting electrical signals. It rapidly detects changes in the internal environment and initiates immediate responses to maintain homeostasis.

Endocrine System

The endocrine system regulates homeostasis through hormones released into the bloodstream. These chemical messengers produce slower but longer-lasting effects to adjust physiological processes and maintain internal balance.

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Related Practice

Textbook Question

Which of the following is a major functional characteristic of all organisms?

a. Movement

b. Growth

c. Metabolism

d. Responsiveness

e. All of these

The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is:

a. Organ, organ system, cellular, chemical, tissue, organismal

b. Chemical, cellular, tissue, organismal, organ, organ system

c. Chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, organismal

d. Organismal, organ system, organ, tissue, cellular, chemical

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Textbook Question

In (a)–(e), a directional term [e.g., distal in (a)] is followed by terms indicating different body structures or locations (e.g., the elbow/wrist). In each case, choose the structure or organ that matches the given directional term.

a. Distal: the elbow/the wrist

b. Lateral: the hip bone/the umbilicus

c. Superior: the nose/the chin

d. Anterior: the toes/the heel

e. Superficial: the scalp/the skull

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Textbook Question

Which ventral cavity subdivision has no bony protection?

a. Thoracic cavity

b. Abdominal cavity

c. Pelvic cavity

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