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Ch. 18 The Cardiovascular System: The Heart
Hoehn - Marieb Human Anatomy & Physiology, 12th edition
Hoehn, Haynes, Abbott12th EditionMarieb Human Anatomy & PhysiologyISBN: 9780138242732Not the one you use?Change textbook
All textbooksHoehn, Haynes, Abbott 12th EditionCh. 18 The Cardiovascular System: The HeartProblem 6
Chapter 18, Problem 6

The cardiac term that refers to the volume of blood remaining in a ventricle after contraction is
(a) end diastolic volume,
(b) end systolic volume,
(c) stroke volume,
(d) cardiac reserve.

Verified step by step guidance
1
Understand the cardiac cycle phases: diastole (ventricular relaxation and filling) and systole (ventricular contraction and ejection).
Identify that 'end diastolic volume' (EDV) is the volume of blood in the ventricle at the end of diastole, just before contraction.
Recognize that 'end systolic volume' (ESV) is the volume of blood remaining in the ventricle after contraction (systole) has occurred.
Know that 'stroke volume' (SV) is the amount of blood ejected from the ventricle during systole, calculated as SV = EDV - ESV.
Understand that 'cardiac reserve' refers to the difference between resting and maximal cardiac output, not a volume of blood.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

End Systolic Volume (ESV)

End systolic volume is the amount of blood left in a ventricle after it has contracted during systole. It represents the residual blood that was not ejected into the arteries. Understanding ESV is crucial for assessing cardiac efficiency and function.
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End Diastolic Volume (EDV)

End diastolic volume is the total volume of blood in a ventricle at the end of filling or diastole, just before contraction. It reflects the preload or initial stretching of the cardiac muscle fibers, influencing stroke volume and cardiac output.
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Stroke Volume and Cardiac Reserve

Stroke volume is the amount of blood ejected by a ventricle during each contraction, calculated as EDV minus ESV. Cardiac reserve refers to the heart's ability to increase output during increased activity. Both concepts relate to heart performance but differ from the volume remaining after contraction.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question

The sequence of contraction of the heart chambers is:

a. Random

b. Left chambers followed by right chambers

c. Both atria followed by both ventricles

d. Right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle

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Textbook Question

Freshly oxygenated blood is first received by the:

a. Right atrium

b. Left atrium

c. Right ventricle

d. Left ventricle

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Textbook Question

Describe the location and position of the heart in the body.

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Textbook Question

In the heart, which of the following apply?

(1) Action potentials are conducted from cell to cell across the myocardium via gap junctions

(2) The SA node sets the pace for the heart as a whole

(3) Spontaneous depolarization of cardiac cells can occur in the absence of nerve stimulation

(4) Cardiac muscle can continue to contract for long periods in the absence of oxygen

a. All of the above

b. 1, 3, 4

c. 1, 2, 3

d. 2, 3

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Textbook Question

An ECG provides information about:

a. Cardiac output

b. Movement of the excitation wave across the heart

c. Coronary circulation

d. Valve impairment

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Textbook Question

Select the anatomical or physiological feature that correctly describes cardiac muscle and not skeletal muscle.

(a) striations appear as alternating light and dark bands,

(b) intercalated discs connect adjacent muscle cells,

(c) sarcoplasmic reticulum stores and releases calcium ions,

(d) calcium ions bind troponin to signal contraction

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