Textbook Question
The two components of the CNS that are responsible for maintenance of homeostasis are the ________ and the ________.
Ch. 12 The Central Nervous System
Amerman2nd EditionHuman Anatomy & PhysiologyISBN: 9780136873822
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Table of contents
- Ch. 1 Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology26
- Ch. 2 The Chemistry of Life38
- Ch. 3 The Cell55
- Ch. 4 Histology47
- Ch. 5 The Integumentary System30
- Ch. 6 Bones and Bone Tissue36
- Ch. 7 The Skeletal System40
- Ch. 8 Articulations19
- Ch. 9 The Muscular System36
- Ch. 10 Muscle Tissue and Physiology29
- Ch. 11 Introduction to the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue28
- Ch. 12 The Central Nervous System42
- Ch. 13 The Peripheral Nervous System41
- Ch. 14 The Autonomic Nervous System and Homeostasis31
- Ch. 15 The Special Senses39
- Ch. 16 The Endocrine System42
- Ch. 17 The Cardiovascular System I: The Heart30
- Ch. 18 The Cardiovascular System II: The Blood Vessels43
- Ch. 19 Blood32
- Ch. 20 The Lymphatic System and Immunity45
- Ch. 21 The Respiratory System27
- Ch. 22 The Digestive System27
- Ch. 23 Metabolism and Nutrition7
- Ch. 24 The Urinary System39
- Ch. 25 Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Homeostasis39
- Ch. 26 The Reproductive System10
- Ch. 27 Development and Heredity5
Chapter 12, Problem 17c
Mark the following statements on the role of the brain in movement as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.
The basal nuclei inhibit inappropriate movements and are required for the initiation of movement.
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the role of the basal nuclei in movement. The basal nuclei are clusters of neurons in the brain that play a critical role in regulating voluntary motor movements, procedural learning, and inhibiting inappropriate movements.
Step 2: Analyze the first part of the statement: 'The basal nuclei inhibit inappropriate movements.' This is true because the basal nuclei help suppress movements that are not suitable for the current context, ensuring smooth and purposeful motor activity.
Step 3: Evaluate the second part of the statement: 'The basal nuclei are required for the initiation of movement.' This is false. The basal nuclei do not directly initiate movement; instead, they modulate motor commands from the motor cortex and ensure proper execution of movements.
Step 4: Correct the false part of the statement. A true version would be: 'The basal nuclei inhibit inappropriate movements and play a role in modulating and refining motor activity, but they are not directly required for the initiation of movement.'
Step 5: Review the corrected statement and ensure it aligns with the physiological role of the basal nuclei in movement regulation.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Basal Nuclei Function
The basal nuclei, a group of nuclei in the brain, play a crucial role in regulating voluntary motor control and movement initiation. They help inhibit unwanted movements and facilitate the execution of appropriate motor actions. Dysfunction in the basal nuclei can lead to movement disorders, such as Parkinson's disease, where initiation of movement is impaired.
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Basal Nuclei
Inhibition of Movement
Inhibition of movement refers to the brain's ability to suppress inappropriate or unwanted motor actions. This process is essential for smooth and coordinated movement, allowing individuals to focus on relevant tasks while preventing distractions from competing motor commands. The basal nuclei are integral to this inhibitory control, ensuring that only suitable movements are executed.
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Initiation of Movement
Initiation of movement is the process by which the brain signals the body to begin a physical action. This involves a complex interplay of various brain regions, including the basal nuclei, which help to start movements in response to internal or external cues. Proper initiation is vital for fluid motion and is often disrupted in neurological conditions, highlighting the importance of the basal nuclei in this function.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Which of the following statements is false?
a. The suprachiasmatic nucleus is often called the body's 'master clock.'
b. Melatonin and the ventrolateral preoptic nucleus increase the activity of the reticular formation.
c. A decrease in the activity of the reticular formation disconnects the thalamus from the cerebral cortex and decreases the level of consciousness.
d. Orexins are neurotransmitters that stimulate the reticular formation.
Textbook Question
Mark the following statements on the role of the brain in movement as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.
The dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra enhance the actions of the caudate nucleus and putamen.
Textbook Question
Mark the following statements on the role of the brain in movement as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.
The cerebellum monitors the initiation of movement but does not monitor ongoing movements.
Textbook Question
Mark the following statements on the role of the brain in movement as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.
The correction of motor error by the cerebellum can occur over the long term by motor learning.
Textbook Question
Mark the following statements about the spinal cord as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.
The posterior horn of spinal gray matter contains the cell bodies of motor neurons.