$$CO = 80 \times 70 = 5600 \text{ mL/min}$$

$$MAP = \frac{1}{3} (120 - 80) + 80 = 93.3 \text{ mmHg}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of arteries in the human body?

Accepted Answer

To carry oxygenated blood away from the heart to the tissues

Question 2

During an EKG, which wave represents ventricular depolarization?

Accepted Answer

QRS complex

Question 3

A patient presents with a blockage in the pulmonary artery. What is the most likely consequence?

Accepted Answer

Reduced oxygenation of blood in the lungs

Question 4

Which of the following equations correctly represents cardiac output?

Accepted Answer

$$CO = HR 	imes SV$$

Question 5

If a patient’s heart rate is 80 beats per minute and their stroke volume is 70 mL, what is their cardiac output?

Accepted Answer

$$CO = 80 	imes 70 = 5600 	ext{ mL/min}$$

Question 6

Which vessel type is primarily responsible for the exchange of gases and nutrients between blood and tissues?

Accepted Answer

Capillaries

Question 7

A patient’s EKG shows an abnormally prolonged QRS complex. What does this most likely indicate?

Accepted Answer

Delayed ventricular depolarization

Question 8

Which of the following best explains why veins have valves?

Accepted Answer

To prevent backflow of blood and ensure one-way movement toward the heart

Question 9

Which of the following is a direct result of sympathetic nervous system activation during exercise?

Accepted Answer

Increased heart rate and cardiac output

Question 10

A patient with chronic hypertension is at increased risk for which of the following cardiovascular complications?

Accepted Answer

Left ventricular hypertrophy

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the Frank-Starling law of the heart?

Accepted Answer

The greater the stretch of cardiac muscle fibers, the greater the force of contraction

Question 12

Which of the following is the correct sequence of blood flow through the heart?

Accepted Answer

Right atrium → right ventricle → pulmonary artery → lungs → left atrium → left ventricle → aorta

Question 13

Which of the following formulas is used to calculate mean arterial pressure (MAP)?

Accepted Answer

$$MAP = \frac{1}{3} (SBP - DBP) + DBP$$

Question 14

A patient’s blood pressure is measured as 120/80 mmHg. What is their mean arterial pressure (MAP)?

Accepted Answer

$$MAP = \frac{1}{3} (120 - 80) + 80 = 93.3 	ext{ mmHg}$$

Question 15

Which of the following is most likely to occur if the SA node fails to function?

Accepted Answer

The AV node will take over as the pacemaker, resulting in a slower heart rate

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the role of the pulmonary veins?

Accepted Answer

They carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium

Question 17

Which of the following changes would most likely increase stroke volume?

Accepted Answer

Increased venous return

Question 18

A patient is experiencing tachycardia. Which of the following best describes this condition?

Accepted Answer

An abnormally fast heart rate

Question 19

Which of the following is the most likely effect of severe dehydration on blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

Decreased blood pressure due to reduced blood volume

Question 20

Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating pulse pressure?

Accepted Answer

$$Pulse\ Pressure = SBP - DBP$$

Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology: Practice Platform Overview

Study Guide - Practice Questions