Multiple Choice
Which of the following statements is characteristic of a secondary humoral response?
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21. The Immune System
Introduction to Adaptive Immunity
3:53 minutesProblem 8
Textbook Question
Which of the following is not involved in the activation of a B cell?
a. Antigen
b. Helper T cell
c. Cytokine
d. Cytotoxic T cell
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the role of B cells in the immune response. B cells are responsible for producing antibodies and require activation to perform this function effectively.
Step 2: Identify the components involved in B cell activation. Typically, B cell activation involves recognition of an antigen, assistance from helper T cells, and signaling molecules such as cytokines.
Step 3: Analyze the role of each option: Antigen binds directly to the B cell receptor to initiate activation; Helper T cells provide necessary co-stimulation; Cytokines are signaling molecules that promote B cell proliferation and differentiation.
Step 4: Consider the role of cytotoxic T cells. Cytotoxic T cells primarily kill infected cells and are not directly involved in the activation of B cells.
Step 5: Conclude that the component not involved in B cell activation is the cytotoxic T cell, as it does not contribute to the activation process of B cells.
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Video duration:
3mKey Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
B Cell Activation
B cell activation is the process by which B lymphocytes respond to antigens, leading to their proliferation and differentiation into antibody-producing plasma cells. This activation typically requires antigen recognition and additional signals from helper T cells and cytokines.
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B Cell Receptors
Role of Helper T Cells in B Cell Activation
Helper T cells assist B cell activation by recognizing antigen-presenting B cells and providing essential co-stimulatory signals and cytokines. This interaction is crucial for effective antibody production and class switching.
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Function of Cytotoxic T Cells
Cytotoxic T cells primarily target and kill infected or abnormal cells by recognizing antigen fragments presented on MHC class I molecules. They do not play a direct role in activating B cells during the immune response.
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