In classical conditioning, what type of behavior occurs as an automatic response to a stimulus?

In a classical conditioning experiment, a dog hears a bell just before receiving food several times. Eventually, the dog begins to salivate when it hears the bell alone. What is the conditioned stimulus (CS) in this scenario?

In the context of classical conditioning, which of the following would be considered a primary reinforcer?

In the context of learning theories, respondent behavior is to operant behavior as involuntary response is to voluntary response.

In the context of classical conditioning, what is the primary purpose of systematic desensitization in AP Psychology?

In classical conditioning, what is the term for learning in which stimuli similar to a conditioned stimulus also elicit conditioned responses?

In classical conditioning, what is the term for a learned response to a previously neutral stimulus?

In classical conditioning, what is the term for a stimulus that was previously neutral but becomes associated with the unconditioned stimulus (UCS) and elicits a response after conditioning?

Who is credited with laying the foundation for the study of classical conditioning in psychology?