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Ch 29: Electromagnetic Induction
Young & Freedman Calc - University Physics 15th Edition
Young & Freedman Calc15th EditionUniversity PhysicsISBN: 9780135159552Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 29, Problem 27b

The conducting rod ab shown in Fig. E29.29 makes contact with metal rails ca and db. The apparatus is in a uniform magnetic field of 0.800 T, perpendicular to the plane of the figure. In what direction does the current flow in the rod?

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1
Identify the direction of the magnetic field (B), which is perpendicular to the plane of the figure and directed into the page, as indicated by the 'X' symbols.
Determine the direction of the velocity (v) of the rod, which is moving to the right as shown by the arrow in the figure.
Apply the right-hand rule to find the direction of the induced current. Point your thumb in the direction of the rod's velocity (to the right), and your fingers in the direction of the magnetic field (into the page).
The palm of your hand will face the direction of the force on positive charges, which is upwards in the rod. This indicates the direction of the induced current.
Conclude that the current flows from point q to point p in the rod, as the force on positive charges is upwards, causing the current to flow in that direction.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Faraday's Law of Electromagnetic Induction

Faraday's Law states that a change in magnetic flux through a circuit induces an electromotive force (EMF) in the circuit. In this scenario, as the conducting rod moves through the magnetic field, it cuts across magnetic field lines, changing the magnetic flux and inducing an EMF, which drives a current through the circuit.
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Faraday's Law

Lorentz Force

The Lorentz force is the force experienced by a charged particle moving through a magnetic field. It is given by the equation F = q(v × B), where q is the charge, v is the velocity, and B is the magnetic field. In this context, the direction of the force on the charges in the rod determines the direction of the induced current.
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Lorentz Transformations of Velocity

Right-Hand Rule

The right-hand rule is a mnemonic for determining the direction of the magnetic force on a positive charge moving in a magnetic field. Point your thumb in the direction of the velocity (v) of the rod, your fingers in the direction of the magnetic field (B), and your palm will face the direction of the force on positive charges, indicating the current's direction.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question

A metal ring 4.50 cm in diameter is placed between the north and south poles of large magnets with the plane of its area perpendicular to the magnetic field. These magnets produce an initial uniform field of 1.12 T between them but are gradually pulled apart, causing this field to remain uniform but decrease steadily at 0.250 T/s. What is the magnitude of the electric field induced in the ring?

Textbook Question

Using Lenz's law, determine the direction of the current in resistor ab of Fig. E29.19 when (a) switch S is opened after having been closed for several minutes; (b) coil B is brought closer to coil A with the switch closed; (c) the resistance of R is decreased while the switch remains closed.

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Textbook Question

A long, thin solenoid has 400 turns per meter and radius 1.10 cm. The current in the solenoid is increasing at a uniform rate di/dt. The induced electric field at a point near the center of the solenoid and 3.50 cm from its axis is 8.00 × 10-6 V/m. Calculate di/dt.

Textbook Question

A long, thin solenoid has 900 turns per meter and radius 2.50 cm. The current in the solenoid is increasing at a uniform rate of 36.0 A/s. What is the magnitude of the induced electric field at a point near the center of the solenoid and (a) 0.500 cm from the axis of the solenoid; (b) 1.00 cm from the axis of the solenoid?

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Textbook Question

A cardboard tube is wrapped with two windings of insulated wire wound in opposite directions, as shown in Fig. E29.20. Terminals a and b of winding A may be connected to a battery through a reversing switch. State whether the induced current in the resistor R is from left to right or from right to left in the following circumstances: (a) the current in winding Ais from a to b and is increasing; (b) the current in winding A is from b to a and is decreasing; (c) the current in winding A is from b to a and is increasing.

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Textbook Question

The current in Fig. E29.18E29.18 obeys the equation I(t)=I0ebtI(t)=I_0e^{-bt}, where b>0b > 0. Find the direction (clockwise or counterclockwise) of the current induced in the round coil for t>0t > 0.

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