Textbook Question
How many times does a human heart beat during a person's lifetime? How many gallons of blood does it pump?
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Ch 01: Units, Physical Quantities & Vectors
Young & Freedman Calc15th EditionUniversity PhysicsISBN: 9780135159552
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Table of contents
- Ch 01: Units, Physical Quantities & Vectors37
- Ch 02: Motion Along a Straight Line57
- Ch 03: Motion in Two or Three Dimensions45
- Ch 04: Newton's Laws of Motion23
- Ch 05: Applying Newton's Laws54
- Ch 06: Work & Kinetic Energy11
- Ch 07: Potential Energy & Conservation6
- Ch 08: Momentum, Impulse, and Collisions15
- Ch 09: Rotation of Rigid Bodies37
- Ch 10: Dynamics of Rotational Motion44
- Ch 11: Equilibrium & Elasticity27
- Ch 12: Fluid Mechanics27
- Ch 13: Gravitation34
- Ch 14: Periodic Motion26
- Ch 15: Mechanical Waves22
- Ch 16: Sound & Hearing28
- Ch 17: Temperature and Heat28
- Ch 18: Thermal Properties of Matter35
- Ch 19: The First Law of Thermodynamics29
- Ch 20: The Second Law of Thermodynamics18
- Ch 21: Electric Charge and Electric Field28
- Ch 22: Gauss' Law21
- Ch 23: Electric Potential31
- Ch 24: Capacitance and Dielectrics18
- Ch 25: Current, Resistance, and EMF24
- Ch 26: Direct-Current Circuits29
- Ch 27: Magnetic Field and Magnetic Forces16
- Ch 28: Sources of Magnetic Field10
- Ch 29: Electromagnetic Induction22
- Ch 30: Inductance14
- Ch 31: Alternating Current20
- Ch 33: The Nature and Propagation of Light17
- Ch 34: Geometric Optics29
- Ch 35: Interference13
- Ch 36: Diffraction19
- Ch 37: Special Relativity19
- Ch 38: Photons: Light Waves Behaving as Particles12
- Ch 39: Particles Behaving as Waves25
- Ch 40: Quantum Mechanics I: Wave Functions20
- Ch 41: Quantum Mechanics II: Atomic Structure21
- Ch 42: Molecules and Condensed Matter17
- Ch 43: Nuclear Physics13
- Ch 44: Particle Physics and Cosmology17
Young & Freedman Calc15th EditionUniversity PhysicsISBN: 9780135159552Not the one you use?Change textbook
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Young & Freedman Calc 15th EditionCh 01: Units, Physical Quantities & VectorsProblem 18a
Young & Freedman Calc 15th EditionCh 01: Units, Physical Quantities & VectorsProblem 18aChapter 1, Problem 18a
Four astronauts are in a spherical space station. If, as is typical, each of them breathes about 500 cm3 of air with each breath, approximately what volume of air (in cubic meters) do these astronauts breathe in a year?
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First, determine the volume of air each astronaut breathes per breath. This is given as 500 cm³. Convert this volume to cubic meters using the conversion factor: 1 cm³ = 1 × 10⁻⁶ m³.
Calculate the total volume of air each astronaut breathes in one day. Assume an average breathing rate of 12 breaths per minute. Multiply the number of breaths per minute by the number of minutes in a day (60 minutes/hour × 24 hours/day) to find the total number of breaths per day.
Multiply the total number of breaths per day by the volume of air per breath (in cubic meters) to find the daily volume of air each astronaut breathes.
To find the annual volume of air each astronaut breathes, multiply the daily volume by the number of days in a year (365 days).
Finally, calculate the total volume of air breathed by all four astronauts in a year by multiplying the annual volume for one astronaut by four.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Volume Conversion
Understanding volume conversion is crucial for this problem, as it involves converting the volume of air from cubic centimeters to cubic meters. Since 1 cubic meter equals 1,000,000 cubic centimeters, you need to divide the total volume in cubic centimeters by 1,000,000 to convert it to cubic meters.
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Unit Conversions
Breathing Rate Calculation
To determine the total volume of air breathed in a year, you must calculate the number of breaths taken annually. This involves multiplying the number of breaths per minute by the number of minutes in an hour, hours in a day, and days in a year. This calculation provides the total number of breaths taken by an astronaut in a year.
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Multiplication of Volumes
Once you have the number of breaths per year, multiply this by the volume of air per breath to find the total volume of air breathed by one astronaut. Since there are four astronauts, multiply the result by four to get the total volume of air breathed by all astronauts in a year.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
With a wooden ruler, you measure the length of a rectangular piece of sheet metal to be 12 mm. With micrometer calipers, you measure the width of the rectangle to be 5.98 mm. Use the correct number of significant figures: What is the perimeter of the rectangle?
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Textbook Question
How many gallons of gasoline are used in the United States in one day? Assume that there are two cars for every three people, that each car is driven an average of 10,000 miles per year, and that the average car gets 20 miles per gallon.
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Textbook Question
You are using water to dilute small amounts of chemicals in the laboratory, drop by drop. How many drops of water are in a 1.0-L bottle?
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Textbook Question
For the vectors A and B in Fig. E1.24, use a scale drawing to find the magnitude and direction of the vector sum A + B
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Textbook Question
A useful and easy-to-remember approximate value for the number of seconds in a year is π × 107. Determine the percent error in this approximate value. (There are 365.24 days in one year.)
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