What is the total kinetic energy of the decay products when an upsilon particle at rest decays to $r^{+}+r^{-}$?

The spectrum of the sodium atom is detected in the light from a distant galaxy. If the $590.0$-nm line is redshifted to $658.5$ nm, at what speed is the galaxy receding from the earth?

The spectrum of the sodium atom is detected in the light from a distant galaxy. Use the Hubble law to calculate the distance of the galaxy from the earth.

In which of the following reactions or decays is strangeness conserved? In each case, explain your reasoning.

(a) $K^{+}+{\mu }^{+}+{\nu }_{\mu }$

(b) $n+K^{+}\to p+{\pi }^0$

(c) $K^{+}+K^{-}\to {\pi }^0+{\pi }^0$

(d) $p+K^{-}\to {\Lambda }^0+{\pi }^0$

Table $44.3$ shows that a $Σ^0$ decays into a ${\Lambda }^0$ and a photon. What is the magnitude of the momentum of the photon? Is it reasonable to ignore the final momentum and kinetic energy of the ${\Lambda }^0$? Explain.

If a ${\Sigma }^{+}$ at rest decays into a proton and a ${\pi }^0$, what is the total kinetic energy of the decay products?

In an experiment done in a laboratory on the earth, the wavelength of light emitted by a hydrogen atom in the $n=4$ to $n=2$ transition is $486.1$ nm. In the light emitted by the quasar 3C273 (see Problem $36.60$), this spectral line is redshifted to $563.9$ nm. Assume the redshift is described by Eq. ($44.14$) and use the Hubble law to calculate the distance in light-years of this quasar from the earth.