Textbook Question
For each molecular formula, represent all constitutional isomers using line-angle drawings.
(c) C4H10
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Ch. 3 - Alkanes and Cycloalkanes: Properties and Conformational Analysis
Mullins1st EditionOrganic Chemistry: A Learner Centered ApproachISBN: 9780137566471
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Table of contents
- Ch. 2 - General Chemistry Translated: Finding the Electrons114
- Ch. 3 - Alkanes and Cycloalkanes: Properties and Conformational Analysis109
- Ch. 4 - Acids and Bases: Electron Flow144
- Ch. 5 - Chemical Reaction Analysis: Thermodynamics and Kinetics118
- Ch. 6 - Stereoisomerism: Arrangement of Atoms in Space112
- Ch. 7 - Principles of Green (Organic) Chemistry3
- Ch. 8 - Alkenes I: Properties and Electrophilic Additions158
- Ch. 9 - Alkenes II: Oxidation and Reduction150
- Ch. 10 - Alkynes: Electrophilic Addition and Redox Reactions101
- Ch. 11 - Properties and Synthesis of Alkyl Halides: Radical Reactions108
- Ch. 12 - Substitution and Elimination: Reactions of Haloalkanes172
- Ch. 13 - Alcohols, Ethers and Related Compounds: Substitution and Elimination239
- Ch. 14 - Structural Identification I: Infrared Spectroscopy and Mass Spectrometry54
- Ch. 15 - Structural Identification II: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy93
- Ch. 16 - Metals in Organic Chemistry48
- Ch. 17 - Carbonyl Addition Reactions: Aldehydes and Ketones45
- Ch. 18 - Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution I: Carboxylic Acids18
- Ch. 19 - Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution II: Carboxylic Acid Derivatives39
- Ch. 20 - Enolates: Carbonyl Addition and Substitution13
- Ch. 21 - Conjugated Systems I: Stability and Addition Reactions56
- Ch. 22 - Conjugated Systems II: Pericyclic Reactions54
- Ch. 23 - Benzene I: Aromatic Stability and Substitution Reactions64
- Ch. 24 - Benzene II: Reactions Influenced by the Aromatic Ring62
- Ch. 25 - Amines: Structure, Reactions, and Synthesis27
- Ch. 26 - Amino Acids, Proteins, and Peptide Synthesis9
- Ch. 27 - Carbohydrates, Nucleic Acids, and Lipids54
Mullins1st EditionOrganic Chemistry: A Learner Centered ApproachISBN: 9780137566471Not the one you use?Change textbook
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Mullins 1st EditionCh. 3 - Alkanes and Cycloalkanes: Properties and Conformational AnalysisProblem 47e
Mullins 1st EditionCh. 3 - Alkanes and Cycloalkanes: Properties and Conformational AnalysisProblem 47eChapter 2, Problem 47e
Represent each of the following condensed structural formulas using a line-angle drawing.
(e) (CH3)2CHCH2CH2CH2CH2CHO
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Identify the main chain in the condensed structural formula. The main chain is the longest continuous chain of carbon atoms. In this case, the main chain consists of 7 carbon atoms, ending with an aldehyde group (-CHO).
Step 2: Recognize the substituents attached to the main chain. Here, there is a (CH3)2CH group (an isopropyl group) attached to the second carbon of the main chain.
Step 3: Begin drawing the line-angle structure. Start with a zigzag line representing the main chain of 7 carbons. Each vertex represents a carbon atom, and the aldehyde group (-CHO) is drawn explicitly at the end of the chain.
Step 4: Add the substituents to the line-angle structure. Attach the isopropyl group ((CH3)2CH) to the second carbon of the main chain. Represent the isopropyl group as a branch with two methyl groups attached to a single carbon.
Step 5: Double-check the structure to ensure all carbons and hydrogens are accounted for, and the aldehyde group is correctly placed at the terminal position. Verify that the structure matches the condensed formula provided.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Condensed Structural Formulas
Condensed structural formulas provide a simplified representation of a molecule, showing the arrangement of atoms and their connectivity without depicting all the bonds explicitly. In these formulas, groups of atoms are often grouped together, such as (CH3)2, indicating branching or functional groups. Understanding how to interpret these formulas is essential for translating them into line-angle drawings.
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How to interpret condensed structures.
Line-Angle Drawings
Line-angle drawings, also known as skeletal structures, are a shorthand way of representing organic molecules. In these drawings, vertices represent carbon atoms, and lines represent bonds between them. Hydrogen atoms attached to carbons are usually omitted for simplicity. Mastery of this drawing technique is crucial for visualizing molecular structures quickly and efficiently.
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Functional Groups
Functional groups are specific groups of atoms within molecules that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules. In the given formula, the presence of the aldehyde group (CHO) indicates that the molecule has specific reactivity and properties. Recognizing functional groups is vital for understanding the behavior and classification of organic compounds.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Given the line-angle drawings shown, answer the following questions:
(i) How many carbons are in each molecule?
(ii) How many hydrogens are at the circled carbon?
(iii) Is the indicated (→) carbon or 1° , 2°, 3°, or 4°?
(h)
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Textbook Question
For each molecular formula, represent all constitutional isomers using line-angle drawings.
(e) C6H14
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Textbook Question
For each molecular formula, represent all constitutional isomers using line-angle drawings.
(b) C3H8
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Textbook Question
Represent each of the following condensed structural formulas using a line-angle drawing.
(d) CH3CH2CH2CCH2OH
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Textbook Question
Represent each of the following condensed structural formulas using a line-angle drawing.
(c) CH3CHOHCH2CHBrCH3
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