Textbook Question
Ionic compounds like sodium acetate have a high melting point. Despite this, they are highly soluble in water. Why?
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Ch. 3 - Alkanes and Cycloalkanes: Properties and Conformational Analysis
Mullins1st EditionOrganic Chemistry: A Learner Centered ApproachISBN: 9780137566471
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Table of contents
- Ch. 2 - General Chemistry Translated: Finding the Electrons114
- Ch. 3 - Alkanes and Cycloalkanes: Properties and Conformational Analysis109
- Ch. 4 - Acids and Bases: Electron Flow144
- Ch. 5 - Chemical Reaction Analysis: Thermodynamics and Kinetics118
- Ch. 6 - Stereoisomerism: Arrangement of Atoms in Space112
- Ch. 7 - Principles of Green (Organic) Chemistry3
- Ch. 8 - Alkenes I: Properties and Electrophilic Additions158
- Ch. 9 - Alkenes II: Oxidation and Reduction150
- Ch. 10 - Alkynes: Electrophilic Addition and Redox Reactions101
- Ch. 11 - Properties and Synthesis of Alkyl Halides: Radical Reactions108
- Ch. 12 - Substitution and Elimination: Reactions of Haloalkanes172
- Ch. 13 - Alcohols, Ethers and Related Compounds: Substitution and Elimination239
- Ch. 14 - Structural Identification I: Infrared Spectroscopy and Mass Spectrometry54
- Ch. 15 - Structural Identification II: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy93
- Ch. 16 - Metals in Organic Chemistry48
- Ch. 17 - Carbonyl Addition Reactions: Aldehydes and Ketones45
- Ch. 18 - Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution I: Carboxylic Acids18
- Ch. 19 - Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution II: Carboxylic Acid Derivatives39
- Ch. 20 - Enolates: Carbonyl Addition and Substitution13
- Ch. 21 - Conjugated Systems I: Stability and Addition Reactions56
- Ch. 22 - Conjugated Systems II: Pericyclic Reactions54
- Ch. 23 - Benzene I: Aromatic Stability and Substitution Reactions64
- Ch. 24 - Benzene II: Reactions Influenced by the Aromatic Ring62
- Ch. 25 - Amines: Structure, Reactions, and Synthesis27
- Ch. 26 - Amino Acids, Proteins, and Peptide Synthesis9
- Ch. 27 - Carbohydrates, Nucleic Acids, and Lipids54
Mullins1st EditionOrganic Chemistry: A Learner Centered ApproachISBN: 9780137566471Not the one you use?Change textbook
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Mullins 1st EditionCh. 3 - Alkanes and Cycloalkanes: Properties and Conformational AnalysisProblem 71e
Mullins 1st EditionCh. 3 - Alkanes and Cycloalkanes: Properties and Conformational AnalysisProblem 71eChapter 2, Problem 71e
Correct the following incorrect names using standard IUPAC nomenclature. [Draw a compound that corresponds to the incorrect name, and then rename it.]
(e) 2,6-diethyl-1-methylcycloheptane
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Draw the structure of the compound based on the given incorrect name, 2,6-diethyl-1-methylcycloheptane. Start with a cycloheptane ring (a seven-membered ring) as the parent structure. Add a methyl group at carbon 1 and ethyl groups at carbons 2 and 6.
Check the numbering of the substituents to ensure it follows the IUPAC rule of assigning the lowest possible locants to the substituents. In this case, the numbering may not be optimal, so re-evaluate the numbering.
Reassign the numbering of the cycloheptane ring to minimize the locants for the substituents. Start numbering from the carbon that gives the substituents the lowest possible set of numbers.
Rename the compound based on the corrected numbering. List the substituents in alphabetical order, and include their positions on the ring. Ensure the name follows the IUPAC format: [position]-[substituent][parent chain].
Verify the final name by cross-checking it with IUPAC rules, ensuring that the name is unambiguous and correctly represents the structure of the compound.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
IUPAC Nomenclature
IUPAC nomenclature is a systematic method for naming organic chemical compounds. It provides rules for naming based on the structure of the molecule, including the longest carbon chain, functional groups, and substituents. Understanding these rules is essential for correcting incorrect names and ensuring clarity in communication within the field of chemistry.
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The different parts of an IUPAC name
Cycloalkanes
Cycloalkanes are saturated hydrocarbons that contain carbon atoms arranged in a ring structure. The naming of cycloalkanes involves identifying the ring size and the position of substituents. In the context of the question, recognizing the structure of cycloheptane and how substituents like ethyl and methyl groups are positioned is crucial for accurate nomenclature.
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Substituent Positioning
Substituent positioning refers to the correct identification and numbering of substituents on a carbon chain or ring. In IUPAC nomenclature, substituents must be numbered to give the lowest possible numbers to the substituents. This concept is vital for renaming compounds accurately, as it affects the overall name and clarity of the compound's structure.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Correct the following incorrect names using standard IUPAC nomenclature. [Draw a compound that corresponds to the incorrect name, and then rename it.]
(c) 6-ethyl-3-methyloctane
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Textbook Question
Identify the mistakes contained within the following structures.
(a)
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Textbook Question
Correct the following incorrect names using standard IUPAC nomenclature. [Draw a compound that corresponds to the incorrect name, and then rename it.]
(d) 4-butyldecane
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Textbook Question
Despite methylcyclohexane (98.2 amu) having a higher molecular weight than toluene (92.1 amu), toluene melts at a higher temperature. Why? [Think about how the molecules can interact with each other based on their shape.]
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Textbook Question
Correct the following incorrect names using standard IUPAC nomenclature. [Draw a compound that corresponds to the incorrect name, and then rename it.]
(b) 1,5-dimethylcyclohexane
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