Textbook Question
How many electrons does an atom of each of the following elements need to gain to achieve a noble gas configuration? By gaining that many electrons, which noble gas configuration is achieved?
(b) Iodine
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Ch. 2 - General Chemistry Translated: Finding the Electrons
Mullins1st EditionOrganic Chemistry: A Learner Centered ApproachISBN: 9780137566471
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Table of contents
- Ch. 2 - General Chemistry Translated: Finding the Electrons114
- Ch. 3 - Alkanes and Cycloalkanes: Properties and Conformational Analysis109
- Ch. 4 - Acids and Bases: Electron Flow144
- Ch. 5 - Chemical Reaction Analysis: Thermodynamics and Kinetics118
- Ch. 6 - Stereoisomerism: Arrangement of Atoms in Space112
- Ch. 7 - Principles of Green (Organic) Chemistry3
- Ch. 8 - Alkenes I: Properties and Electrophilic Additions158
- Ch. 9 - Alkenes II: Oxidation and Reduction150
- Ch. 10 - Alkynes: Electrophilic Addition and Redox Reactions101
- Ch. 11 - Properties and Synthesis of Alkyl Halides: Radical Reactions108
- Ch. 12 - Substitution and Elimination: Reactions of Haloalkanes172
- Ch. 13 - Alcohols, Ethers and Related Compounds: Substitution and Elimination239
- Ch. 14 - Structural Identification I: Infrared Spectroscopy and Mass Spectrometry54
- Ch. 15 - Structural Identification II: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy93
- Ch. 16 - Metals in Organic Chemistry48
- Ch. 17 - Carbonyl Addition Reactions: Aldehydes and Ketones45
- Ch. 18 - Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution I: Carboxylic Acids18
- Ch. 19 - Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution II: Carboxylic Acid Derivatives39
- Ch. 20 - Enolates: Carbonyl Addition and Substitution13
- Ch. 21 - Conjugated Systems I: Stability and Addition Reactions56
- Ch. 22 - Conjugated Systems II: Pericyclic Reactions54
- Ch. 23 - Benzene I: Aromatic Stability and Substitution Reactions64
- Ch. 24 - Benzene II: Reactions Influenced by the Aromatic Ring62
- Ch. 25 - Amines: Structure, Reactions, and Synthesis27
- Ch. 26 - Amino Acids, Proteins, and Peptide Synthesis9
- Ch. 27 - Carbohydrates, Nucleic Acids, and Lipids54
Mullins1st EditionOrganic Chemistry: A Learner Centered ApproachISBN: 9780137566471Not the one you use?Change textbook
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Mullins 1st EditionCh. 2 - General Chemistry Translated: Finding the ElectronsProblem 15a
Mullins 1st EditionCh. 2 - General Chemistry Translated: Finding the ElectronsProblem 15aChapter 1, Problem 15a
How many electrons does an atom of each of the following elements need to gain to achieve a noble gas configuration? By gaining that many electrons, which noble gas configuration is achieved?
(a) Oxygen
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the problem. To achieve a noble gas configuration, an atom must have a full outer electron shell. For oxygen, determine how many electrons are needed to complete its valence shell.
Step 2: Recall the electronic configuration of oxygen. Oxygen has an atomic number of 8, meaning it has 8 electrons. Its electron configuration is: The valence shell (n=2) contains 6 electrons (2 from 2s and 4 from 2p).
Step 3: Determine how many electrons are needed to fill the valence shell. A full valence shell for oxygen requires 8 electrons. Since oxygen already has 6 valence electrons, it needs to gain 2 more electrons to achieve a full shell.
Step 4: Identify the noble gas configuration achieved. By gaining 2 electrons, oxygen will have the electron configuration of , which corresponds to the noble gas neon (atomic number 10).
Step 5: Summarize the findings. Oxygen needs to gain 2 electrons to achieve a noble gas configuration, and by doing so, it attains the electron configuration of neon.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Noble Gas Configuration
Noble gas configuration refers to the electron arrangement of noble gases, which have full outer electron shells, making them stable and unreactive. Atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons to achieve this stable configuration, typically resembling the nearest noble gas in the periodic table.
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The Electron Configuration
Valence Electrons
Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost shell of an atom that are involved in chemical bonding. The number of valence electrons determines how an atom interacts with others, including how many electrons it needs to gain or lose to achieve a noble gas configuration.
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Electron Gain and Ionic Charge
When an atom gains electrons, it becomes negatively charged, forming an anion. The number of electrons gained corresponds to the difference between the atom's current valence electron count and the eight electrons needed for a full outer shell, which is characteristic of noble gases.
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01:34Calculating formal and net charge.
Related Practice
Textbook Question
How many electrons does an atom of each of the following elements need to lose to achieve a noble gas configuration? By losing that many electrons, which noble gas configuration is achieved?
(b) Aluminum
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Textbook Question
How many electrons does an atom of each of the following elements need to lose to achieve a noble gas configuration? By losing that many electrons, which noble gas configuration is achieved?
(c) Magnesium
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Textbook Question
How many electrons does an atom of each of the following elements need to gain to achieve a noble gas configuration? By gaining that many electrons, which noble gas configuration is achieved?
(c) Phosphorus
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Textbook Question
How many electrons does an atom of each of the following elements need to lose to achieve a noble gas configuration? By losing that many electrons, which noble gas configuration is achieved?
(d) Potassium
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Textbook Question
How many electrons does an atom of each of the following elements need to gain to achieve a noble gas configuration? By gaining that many electrons, which noble gas configuration is achieved?
(d) Chlorine
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