Ch. 3 - An Introduction to Organic Compounds:Nomenclature, Physical Properties, and Structure

Bruice8th EditionOrganic ChemistryISBN: 9780135213711Not the one you use?Change textbook

Bruice 8th Edition

Ch. 3 - An Introduction to Organic Compounds:Nomenclature, Physical Properties, and Structure

Problem 27e

Chapter 4, Problem 27e

Give a systematic name and a common name (if it has one) for each of the following amines and indicate whether each is a primary, secondary, or tertiary amine:
e.

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Identify the structure of the amine provided in the problem. Look for the nitrogen atom and determine how many alkyl or aryl groups are attached to it. This will help classify the amine as primary, secondary, or tertiary.

Step 2: Determine the systematic name of the amine. For this, identify the longest carbon chain attached to the nitrogen atom and name it as the parent chain. Replace the '-e' ending of the alkane name with '-amine' to indicate the presence of the amine group.

Step 3: Number the parent chain such that the carbon attached to the nitrogen atom gets the lowest possible number. Indicate the position of the amine group in the name.

Step 4: If there are additional substituents on the nitrogen atom (for secondary or tertiary amines), name them as 'N-substituents' and include them in the name. For example, 'N-methyl' or 'N-ethyl'.

Step 5: Check if the amine has a common name. For common names, list the alkyl groups attached to the nitrogen atom in alphabetical order, followed by the word 'amine'. Finally, confirm whether the amine is primary (one alkyl/aryl group), secondary (two alkyl/aryl groups), or tertiary (three alkyl/aryl groups).

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Amines

Amines are organic compounds derived from ammonia (NH3) by replacing one or more hydrogen atoms with alkyl or aryl groups. They are classified based on the number of carbon-containing groups attached to the nitrogen atom: primary amines have one carbon group, secondary amines have two, and tertiary amines have three. Understanding the structure of amines is crucial for naming and identifying their types.

Systematic Naming

Systematic naming of amines follows the IUPAC nomenclature rules, which involve identifying the longest carbon chain attached to the nitrogen and using the suffix '-amine' to denote the presence of the amine functional group. The position of the amine group is indicated by a number corresponding to its location on the carbon chain. This systematic approach ensures clarity and consistency in naming organic compounds.

Common Names

Common names for amines often arise from their historical usage and may not follow systematic naming conventions. These names can be derived from the alkyl groups attached to the nitrogen, sometimes using prefixes like 'ethyl' or 'methyl' along with the term 'amine.' Familiarity with common names is important for recognizing and communicating about amines in both academic and practical contexts.

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Related Practice

Textbook Question

Give a systematic name and a common name (if it has one) for each of the following amines and indicate whether each is a primary, secondary, or tertiary amine:

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Textbook Question

Give a systematic name and a common name (if it has one) for each of the following amines and indicate whether each is a primary, secondary, or tertiary amine:

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Textbook Question

Are the following compounds primary, secondary, or tertiary?

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Textbook Question

Give each of the following a systematic name and indicate whether each is a primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohol:

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Textbook Question

Draw condensed and skeletal structures for each of the following amines:

b. N-ethylethanamine

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Textbook Question

Give a systematic name and a common name (if it has one) for each of the following amines and indicate whether each is a primary, secondary, or tertiary amine:

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Give a systematic name and a common name (if it has one) for each of the following amines and indicate whether each is a primary, secondary, or tertiary amine: e.

Verified video answer for a similar problem:

Key Concepts

Amines

Systematic Naming

Common Names

Give a systematic name and a common name (if it has one) for each of the following amines and indicate whether each is a primary, secondary, or tertiary amine:
e.