Textbook Question
Name the following benzene derivatives using ortho, meta, and para to identify the relative position of substituents.
(a)
1
views
Ch. 23 - Benzene I: Aromatic Stability and Substitution Reactions
Mullins1st EditionOrganic Chemistry: A Learner Centered ApproachISBN: 9780137566471
Not the one you use?Change textbookSelect a different textbook
Table of contents
- Ch. 2 - General Chemistry Translated: Finding the Electrons114
- Ch. 3 - Alkanes and Cycloalkanes: Properties and Conformational Analysis109
- Ch. 4 - Acids and Bases: Electron Flow144
- Ch. 5 - Chemical Reaction Analysis: Thermodynamics and Kinetics118
- Ch. 6 - Stereoisomerism: Arrangement of Atoms in Space112
- Ch. 7 - Principles of Green (Organic) Chemistry3
- Ch. 8 - Alkenes I: Properties and Electrophilic Additions158
- Ch. 9 - Alkenes II: Oxidation and Reduction150
- Ch. 10 - Alkynes: Electrophilic Addition and Redox Reactions101
- Ch. 11 - Properties and Synthesis of Alkyl Halides: Radical Reactions108
- Ch. 12 - Substitution and Elimination: Reactions of Haloalkanes172
- Ch. 13 - Alcohols, Ethers and Related Compounds: Substitution and Elimination239
- Ch. 14 - Structural Identification I: Infrared Spectroscopy and Mass Spectrometry54
- Ch. 15 - Structural Identification II: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy93
- Ch. 16 - Metals in Organic Chemistry48
- Ch. 17 - Carbonyl Addition Reactions: Aldehydes and Ketones45
- Ch. 18 - Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution I: Carboxylic Acids18
- Ch. 19 - Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution II: Carboxylic Acid Derivatives39
- Ch. 20 - Enolates: Carbonyl Addition and Substitution13
- Ch. 21 - Conjugated Systems I: Stability and Addition Reactions56
- Ch. 22 - Conjugated Systems II: Pericyclic Reactions54
- Ch. 23 - Benzene I: Aromatic Stability and Substitution Reactions64
- Ch. 24 - Benzene II: Reactions Influenced by the Aromatic Ring62
- Ch. 25 - Amines: Structure, Reactions, and Synthesis27
- Ch. 26 - Amino Acids, Proteins, and Peptide Synthesis9
- Ch. 27 - Carbohydrates, Nucleic Acids, and Lipids54
Mullins1st EditionOrganic Chemistry: A Learner Centered ApproachISBN: 9780137566471Not the one you use?Change textbook
All textbooks
Mullins 1st EditionCh. 23 - Benzene I: Aromatic Stability and Substitution ReactionsProblem 25c
Mullins 1st EditionCh. 23 - Benzene I: Aromatic Stability and Substitution ReactionsProblem 25cChapter 22, Problem 25c
Name the following benzene derivatives according to IUPAC rules.
(c) 
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify the parent compound: The parent compound in this structure is benzaldehyde, which consists of a benzene ring with an aldehyde group (CHO) attached.
Determine the substituents: The structure has two substituents on the benzene ring: a bromine (Br) and a chlorine (Cl).
Assign locants to the substituents: Number the carbon atoms in the benzene ring starting from the carbon attached to the aldehyde group as position 1. Assign the lowest possible numbers to the substituents. In this case, bromine is at position 3 and chlorine is at position 4.
Name the substituents: The substituents are named as bromo and chloro, based on their respective positions on the benzene ring.
Combine the names: Combine the substituents with the parent compound name, arranging them alphabetically and using the locants. The IUPAC name is 3-bromo-4-chlorobenzaldehyde.
Verified video answer for a similar problem:
This video solution was recommended by our tutors as helpful for the problem above.
Was this helpful?
Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Benzene Derivatives
Benzene derivatives are compounds that contain a benzene ring substituted with one or more functional groups. The properties and reactivity of these compounds can vary significantly based on the nature and position of the substituents. Understanding how to identify and name these derivatives is crucial for organic chemistry, as it lays the foundation for studying more complex aromatic compounds.
Recommended video:
Guided course
02:49
Aromatic synthesis starting with benzene/benzene derivatives
IUPAC Nomenclature
The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) nomenclature provides a systematic method for naming chemical compounds. For benzene derivatives, the rules include identifying the longest carbon chain, numbering the ring to give substituents the lowest possible numbers, and naming the substituents in alphabetical order. Mastery of IUPAC rules is essential for clear communication in chemistry.
Recommended video:
Guided course
03:43The different parts of an IUPAC name
Substituent Effects
Substituent effects refer to how different groups attached to a benzene ring influence its chemical behavior and reactivity. Some substituents are electron-donating (activating) while others are electron-withdrawing (deactivating), affecting the ring's susceptibility to electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions. Recognizing these effects is vital for predicting the outcomes of reactions involving benzene derivatives.
Recommended video:
2:02Directing Effects in Substituted Pyrroles, Furans, and Thiophenes Concept 1
Related Practice
Textbook Question
An incomplete Frost diagram for a seven-membered ring is shown. Include the necessary electrons to make it represent an aromatic molecule. Then the draw the structure to which it would correspond.
Textbook Question
Draw a Frost circle for the cyclopropenyl anion and compare it to the Frost circle for the cyclopropenyl cation. What has changed?
Textbook Question
Draw a Frost circle for the cyclopentadienyl cation and compare it to the Frost circle for the cyclopentadienyl anion. What has changed?
1
views
Textbook Question
The zwitterionic form of carbonyls is often used to explain their electrophilicity. Draw the zwitterionic structure of NO+2. Why is this such a great electrophile at the central nitrogen?
1
views
Textbook Question
Convert the given name into the corresponding IUPAC name.
(b)
1
views