Textbook Question
How do organisms control the rate of metabolic activities in their cells?
Ch. 5 - Microbial Metabolism
Bauman6th EditionMicrobiology with Diseases by TaxonomyISBN: 9780134832302
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Table of contents
- Ch. 1 - A Brief History of Microbiology31
- Ch. 2 - The Chemistry of Microbiology28
- Ch. 3 - Cell Structure and Function39
- Ch. 4 - Microscopy, Staining, and Classification25
- Ch. 5 - Microbial Metabolism51
- Ch. 6 - Microbial Nutrition and Growth37
- Ch. 7 - Microbial Genetics51
- Ch. 8 - Recombinant DNA Technology21
- Ch. 9 - Controlling Microbial Growth in the Environment36
- Ch. 10 - Controlling Microbial Growth in the Body: Antimicrobial Drugs21
- Ch. 11 - Characterizing and Classifying Prokaryotes29
- Ch. 12 - Characterizing and Classifying Eukaryotes34
- Ch. 13 - Characterizing and Classifying Viruses, Viroids, and Prions23
- Ch. 14 - Infection, Infectious Diseases, and Epidemiology35
- Ch. 15 - Innate Immunity34
- Ch. 16 - Adaptive Immunity21
- Ch. 17 - Immunization and Immune Testing29
- Ch. 18 - Immune Disorders22
- Ch. 19 - Pathogenic Gram-Positive Bacteria25
- Ch. 20 - Pathogenic Gram-Negative Cocci and Bacilli28
- Ch. 21 - Rickettsias, Chlamydias, Spirochetes, and Vibrios25
- Ch. 22 - Pathogenic Fungi47
- Ch. 23 - Parasitic Protozoa, Helminths, and Arthropod Vectors44
- Ch. 24 - Pathogenic DNA Viruses23
- Ch. 25 - Pathogenic RNA Viruses30
- Ch. 26 - Applied and Industrial Microbiology29
- Ch. 27 - Microbial Ecology and Microbiomes22
Bauman6th EditionMicrobiology with Diseases by TaxonomyISBN: 9780134832302Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 5, Problem 3
The initial catabolism of glucose occurs by glycolysis and/or the ________ and ________pathways.
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Identify the main pathways involved in the initial catabolism of glucose besides glycolysis. Glycolysis is the most common pathway, but there are alternative pathways used by different microorganisms.
Recall that the Entner-Doudoroff pathway is an alternative to glycolysis found in some bacteria, which also breaks down glucose to pyruvate but via a different set of enzymes.
Recognize that the Pentose Phosphate pathway (also called the hexose monophosphate shunt) is another pathway that metabolizes glucose, primarily generating NADPH and pentoses rather than ATP directly.
Understand that the question asks for two pathways alongside glycolysis, so the answer should be the Entner-Doudoroff pathway and the Pentose Phosphate pathway.
Summarize that the initial catabolism of glucose occurs by glycolysis and/or the Entner-Doudoroff and Pentose Phosphate pathways.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Glycolysis
Glycolysis is the metabolic pathway that breaks down glucose into pyruvate, producing ATP and NADH. It is the first step in cellular respiration and occurs in the cytoplasm of cells, functioning under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions.
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05:04
Glycolysis
Entner-Doudoroff Pathway
The Entner-Doudoroff pathway is an alternative glucose catabolic route found in some bacteria. It converts glucose to pyruvate and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, generating ATP and NADPH, and is important in organisms lacking key glycolytic enzymes.
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08:59Entner-Doudoroff Pathway
Pentose Phosphate Pathway
The Pentose Phosphate Pathway (PPP) is a metabolic route parallel to glycolysis that generates NADPH and pentoses. It plays a critical role in biosynthesis and oxidative stress response by providing reducing power and ribose sugars for nucleotide synthesis.
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04:44Pentose-Phosphate Pathway
Related Practice
Textbook Question
Two ATP molecules are used to initiate glycolysis. Enzymes generate molecules of ATP for each molecule of glucose that undergoes glycolysis. Thus, a net gain of _________ molecules of ATP is produced in glycolysis.
Textbook Question
For the phrase given below, indicate the type of metabolism referred to, using the following choices:
a. Anabolism only
b. Both anabolism and catabolism (amphibolic)
c. Catabolism only
Is endergonic
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Textbook Question
For the phrase given below, indicate the type of metabolism referred to, using the following choices:
a. Anabolism only
b. Both anabolism and catabolism (amphibolic)
c. Catabolism only
Is exergonic
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Textbook Question
Indian tradition holds that storing water in brass pitchers prevents disease. Scientists have discovered that there is some truth in the tradition. The researchers collected river water samples and found fecal bacterial counts as high as 1 million bacteria per milliliter. However, they could detect no bacteria in the water after it had been stored for two days in traditional brass pitchers. Bacterial levels in plastic or earthenware containers remained high over the same period. How can brass, which is an alloy of copper mixed with zinc, make water safer to drink?
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Textbook Question
Examine the biosynthetic pathway for the production of the amino acids tryptophan, tyrosine, and phenylalanine in the figure. Where do the initial reactants (erythrose 4-phosphate and PEP) originate?