Textbook Question
What virulence factors allow Gram-negative anaerobes to cause disease?
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Ch. 20 - Pathogenic Gram-Negative Cocci and Bacilli
Bauman6th EditionMicrobiology with Diseases by TaxonomyISBN: 9780134832302
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Table of contents
- Ch. 1 - A Brief History of Microbiology31
- Ch. 2 - The Chemistry of Microbiology28
- Ch. 3 - Cell Structure and Function39
- Ch. 4 - Microscopy, Staining, and Classification25
- Ch. 5 - Microbial Metabolism51
- Ch. 6 - Microbial Nutrition and Growth37
- Ch. 7 - Microbial Genetics51
- Ch. 8 - Recombinant DNA Technology21
- Ch. 9 - Controlling Microbial Growth in the Environment36
- Ch. 10 - Controlling Microbial Growth in the Body: Antimicrobial Drugs21
- Ch. 11 - Characterizing and Classifying Prokaryotes29
- Ch. 12 - Characterizing and Classifying Eukaryotes34
- Ch. 13 - Characterizing and Classifying Viruses, Viroids, and Prions23
- Ch. 14 - Infection, Infectious Diseases, and Epidemiology35
- Ch. 15 - Innate Immunity34
- Ch. 16 - Adaptive Immunity21
- Ch. 17 - Immunization and Immune Testing29
- Ch. 18 - Immune Disorders22
- Ch. 19 - Pathogenic Gram-Positive Bacteria25
- Ch. 20 - Pathogenic Gram-Negative Cocci and Bacilli28
- Ch. 21 - Rickettsias, Chlamydias, Spirochetes, and Vibrios25
- Ch. 22 - Pathogenic Fungi47
- Ch. 23 - Parasitic Protozoa, Helminths, and Arthropod Vectors44
- Ch. 24 - Pathogenic DNA Viruses23
- Ch. 25 - Pathogenic RNA Viruses30
- Ch. 26 - Applied and Industrial Microbiology29
- Ch. 27 - Microbial Ecology and Microbiomes22
Bauman6th EditionMicrobiology with Diseases by TaxonomyISBN: 9780134832302Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 20, Problem 12
Which of the following is a bile-tolerant anaerobe?
a. Bacteroides
b. Escherichia
c. Shigella
d. Prevotella
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Understand the term 'bile-tolerant anaerobe': These are anaerobic bacteria that can survive and grow in the presence of bile salts, which are found in the intestines and can inhibit many bacteria.
Recall the characteristics of each option: Bacteroides are known to be anaerobic bacteria that are bile-tolerant and commonly found in the human gut.
Escherichia (such as E. coli) and Shigella are facultative anaerobes but are not specifically bile-tolerant anaerobes; they can tolerate oxygen and are not strictly anaerobic.
Prevotella is an anaerobic genus but is generally not characterized as bile-tolerant compared to Bacteroides.
Based on these characteristics, identify the genus that fits the description of a bile-tolerant anaerobe.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Bile Tolerance in Bacteria
Bile tolerance refers to a bacterium's ability to survive and grow in the presence of bile salts, which are antimicrobial compounds found in the intestine. This trait is important for bacteria that colonize the gut, as bile can disrupt cell membranes and inhibit growth.
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Immune Tolerance
Anaerobic Bacteria
Anaerobic bacteria are organisms that do not require oxygen for growth and may even be harmed by it. They thrive in oxygen-free environments such as the gastrointestinal tract, where they play key roles in digestion and maintaining microbial balance.
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Bacteroides as Bile-Tolerant Anaerobes
Bacteroides species are gram-negative, obligate anaerobes commonly found in the human gut. They are notable for their bile tolerance, allowing them to survive in the intestinal environment where bile salts are present, unlike facultative anaerobes like Escherichia or Shigella.
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Related Practice
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What single biochemical test result distinguishes gamma-proteobacteria in the family Enterobacteriaceae from gammaproteobacteria in the family Pasteurellaceae?
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Which bacterium causes infections in many burn victims?
a. Moraxella catarrhalis
b. Pseudomonas aeruginosa
c. Escherichia coli
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Textbook Question
Which of the following statements is true of Q fever?
a. For many years its cause was questionable.
b. It was first described in 1976 during an outbreak in Quincy, Massachusetts.
c. Researchers found it could be effectively treated with quinine.
d. The sharp spikes of fever on patients' temperature charts resemble porcupine quills.
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Textbook Question
Describe transovarian transmission of a pathogen.
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