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Immunoassay: Fluorescent Antibody Tests quiz

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  • What is the main principle behind immunoassays?
    Immunoassays use the specificity of antigen-antibody binding to detect and measure substances in a sample.
  • What does FA stand for in immunoassays?
    FA stands for fluorescent antibody, referring to tests that use fluorescently labeled antibodies.
  • How are fluorescent antibodies visualized in FA tests?
    They are visualized using fluorescence microscopy, which detects the fluorescence emitted by the labeled antibodies.
  • What is detected in a direct FA test?
    Direct FA tests detect antigens in a patient sample using fluorescent primary antibodies.
  • What is detected in an indirect FA test?
    Indirect FA tests detect patient antibodies using fluorescent secondary antibodies.
  • What question does a direct FA test answer?
    It answers whether the patient is currently infected with the antigen.
  • What question does an indirect FA test answer?
    It determines if the patient has built up immunity or had past exposure to the antigen.
  • What is the role of primary antibodies in FA tests?
    Primary antibodies bind directly to the antigen in direct FA tests or to the antigen from laboratory stock in indirect FA tests.
  • What is the role of secondary antibodies in FA tests?
    Secondary antibodies bind directly to the patient's primary antibody in indirect FA tests, allowing indirect detection of antigen exposure.
  • How is a positive result indicated in a direct FA test?
    A positive result is indicated by fluorescence, showing that fluorescent antibodies have bound to the antigen.
  • How is a negative result indicated in a direct FA test?
    A negative result occurs when fluorescent antibodies do not bind and are washed away, resulting in no fluorescence.
  • What is unique about FA tests compared to other immunoassays discussed?
    FA tests are the only immunoassays in the lesson that use a microscope for visualization.
  • What is the source of antigen in an indirect FA test?
    The antigen comes from a known pathogen flask or laboratory stock, not the patient sample.
  • Why are fluorescently labeled antibodies important in FA tests?
    They allow visualization of antigen-antibody binding events under a fluorescence microscope.
  • What does the presence of fluorescence in an indirect FA test indicate?
    It indicates the presence of patient antibodies, showing past exposure or immunity to the antigen.