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Endomembrane System: Digestive Organelles quiz

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  • What is the primary function of lysosomes in animal cells?
    Lysosomes break down and recycle food, cellular debris, bacteria, and damaged organelles using acidic digestive enzymes.
  • Where do lysosomes originate within the cell?
    Lysosomes originate from the Golgi apparatus.
  • Are lysosomes found in plant cells?
    No, lysosomes are primarily found only in animal cells.
  • What type of enzymes do lysosomes contain?
    Lysosomes contain acidic digestive enzymes.
  • What is the main function of peroxisomes?
    Peroxisomes break down toxic compounds, such as hydrogen peroxide, and fatty acids.
  • In which types of cells are peroxisomes found?
    Peroxisomes are found in all eukaryotic cells, including both animal and plant cells.
  • From which organelle do peroxisomes originate?
    Peroxisomes originate from the rough endoplasmic reticulum (rough ER).
  • How do lysosomes and peroxisomes differ in their origin?
    Lysosomes originate from the Golgi apparatus, while peroxisomes originate from the rough ER.
  • What is the central vacuole and where is it found?
    The central vacuole is a large membrane-enclosed vesicle found only in plant cells.
  • List two main functions of the central vacuole.
    The central vacuole degrades and recycles molecules and helps maintain turgor pressure by storing water.
  • What happens to plant cells when the central vacuole loses water?
    When the central vacuole loses water, turgor pressure decreases, which can cause the plant to wilt and become unhealthy.
  • How does the central vacuole contribute to a plant's upright structure?
    By filling with water, the central vacuole increases turgor pressure, pressing the plasma membrane against the cell wall and helping the plant stay upright.
  • What is turgor pressure and why is it important?
    Turgor pressure is the pressure exerted by the central vacuole against the cell wall, which is essential for maintaining the plant's structure and health.
  • Can lysosomes and peroxisomes fuse with other vesicles or structures in the cell?
    Yes, both lysosomes and peroxisomes can fuse with other vesicles or structures to deliver their enzymes for digestion or detoxification.
  • What toxic compound is specifically broken down by peroxisomes?
    Peroxisomes specifically break down hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which is toxic to cells.