3. Chemical Principles of Microbiology

The principal short-term energy storage molecule in cells is __________ .

A proton ___________:

a) Has one positive charge.

b) Has one AMU.

c) Is found in the nucleus of the atom.

d) Only a and b are true.

e) a, b, and c are true.

How many valence electrons does an atom with five total electrons have?

a) 5.

b) 7.

c) 3.

d) 2.

e) 1.

The outermost electron shell of an atom is known as the _____________ shell.

Which of the following structures have no electrical charge?

a. Protons

b. Electrons

c. Neutrons

d. Ions

The atomic mass of an atom most closely approximates the sum of the masses of all its __________.

a. protons

b. isotopes

c. electrons

d protons and neutrons

What is the difference between atomic oxygen and molecular oxygen?

Label the features of the periodic table box:

Which of the following can be most accurately described as a decomposition reaction?

a. C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6 O₂ → 6 H₂O + 6 CO₂

b. glucose + ATP → glucose phosphate + ADP

c. 6 H₂O + 6 CO₂ → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6 O₂

d. A + BC → AB + C

What is a chemical element?

Organisms typically make use of phosphorus in the form of _____.

Using the periodic table, answer the following questions:

a. What is the atomic number for lithium (Li)?

b. What is the atomic mass of oxygen (O)?

c. What is the chemical symbol for potassium?

d. How many protons does nitrogen have?

e. How many neutrons does lead have?

Diagram the electronic configuration of a carbon atom.

The average oxygen atom has a mass number of 16 and an atomic number of 8. This means that the number of neutrons in this oxygen atom is:

a) 24.

b) 8.

c) 16.

d) 4.

e) 2.

A neon atom (Ne) is unreactive for which of the following reasons?

a) It has 7 valence electrons.

b) It has 8 valence electrons.

c) Its valence shell is full of electrons.

d) It has 20 valence electrons.

e) b and c only.