19. Innate Immunity

Indicate which statements are true. Correct all false statements by changing the underlined words.

__________ In phagocytosis, adhesion involves the binding between complementary chemicals on a phagocyte and on the membrane of a body cell.

Where are bacteria killed by enzymes and toxic substances once ingested by a white blood cell?

Patients with X-linked chronic granulomatous disease are susceptible to infections because their neutrophils don’t generate an oxidative burst. What is the relation of the oxidative burst to infection?

Legionella uses C3b receptors to enter monocytes. This

a. prevents phagocytosis.

b. degrades complement.

c. inactivates complement.

d. prevents inflammation.

e. prevents cytolysis.

Indicate which statements are true. Correct all false statements by changing the underlined words.

__________ Lysosomes fuse with phagosomes to form peroxisomes.

Label on the figure the following processes that result in phagocytosis: margination, diapedesis, adherence, and phagolysosome formation.

Which of the following does not stimulate phagocytes?

a. Cytokines

b. IFN-y

c. C3b

d. Lipid A

e. Histamine

Label the steps of phagocytosis.

a. ________

b. ________

c. ________

d. ________

e. ________

f. ________

If the following are placed in the order of occurrence, which would be the third step?

a. Diapedesis

b. Digestion

c. Formation of a phagosome

d. Formation of a phagolysosome

e. Margination

In 1884, Elie Metchnikoff observed cells collected around a splinter inserted in a sea star embryo. This was the discovery of

a. blood cells.

b. sea stars.

c. phagocytosis.

d. immunity.

e. none of the above