Textbook Question
The addition of a ----CH3 to a cytosine nucleotide after DNA replication is called: .
a. Methylation
b. Restriction
c. Transcription
d. Transversion
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Ch. 7 - Microbial Genetics
Bauman6th EditionMicrobiology with Diseases by TaxonomyISBN: 9780134832302
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Table of contents
- Ch. 1 - A Brief History of Microbiology31
- Ch. 2 - The Chemistry of Microbiology28
- Ch. 3 - Cell Structure and Function39
- Ch. 4 - Microscopy, Staining, and Classification25
- Ch. 5 - Microbial Metabolism51
- Ch. 6 - Microbial Nutrition and Growth37
- Ch. 7 - Microbial Genetics51
- Ch. 8 - Recombinant DNA Technology21
- Ch. 9 - Controlling Microbial Growth in the Environment36
- Ch. 10 - Controlling Microbial Growth in the Body: Antimicrobial Drugs21
- Ch. 11 - Characterizing and Classifying Prokaryotes29
- Ch. 12 - Characterizing and Classifying Eukaryotes34
- Ch. 13 - Characterizing and Classifying Viruses, Viroids, and Prions23
- Ch. 14 - Infection, Infectious Diseases, and Epidemiology35
- Ch. 15 - Innate Immunity34
- Ch. 16 - Adaptive Immunity21
- Ch. 17 - Immunization and Immune Testing29
- Ch. 18 - Immune Disorders22
- Ch. 19 - Pathogenic Gram-Positive Bacteria25
- Ch. 20 - Pathogenic Gram-Negative Cocci and Bacilli28
- Ch. 21 - Rickettsias, Chlamydias, Spirochetes, and Vibrios25
- Ch. 22 - Pathogenic Fungi47
- Ch. 23 - Parasitic Protozoa, Helminths, and Arthropod Vectors44
- Ch. 24 - Pathogenic DNA Viruses23
- Ch. 25 - Pathogenic RNA Viruses30
- Ch. 26 - Applied and Industrial Microbiology29
- Ch. 27 - Microbial Ecology and Microbiomes22
Bauman6th EditionMicrobiology with Diseases by TaxonomyISBN: 9780134832302Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 7, Problem 8
A gene for antibiotic resistance can move horizontally among bacterial cells by __________ , __________ , and __________ .
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Understand that horizontal gene transfer in bacteria refers to the movement of genetic material between cells, not from parent to offspring.
Identify the three main mechanisms by which bacteria can transfer genes horizontally: transformation, transduction, and conjugation.
Transformation involves the uptake of free DNA fragments from the environment by a bacterial cell.
Transduction is the process where bacterial DNA is transferred from one bacterium to another via a bacteriophage (a virus that infects bacteria).
Conjugation requires direct cell-to-cell contact, where a donor bacterium transfers DNA to a recipient through a pilus.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Horizontal Gene Transfer
Horizontal gene transfer is the movement of genetic material between organisms other than by descent. In bacteria, it allows the spread of traits like antibiotic resistance across different species, enhancing adaptability and survival.
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04:42
Horizontal Gene Transfer
Transformation
Transformation is the uptake of free DNA fragments from the environment by a bacterial cell. This process enables bacteria to acquire new genes, such as those conferring antibiotic resistance, directly from lysed cells.
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03:06Bacterial Transformation
Conjugation
Conjugation involves direct transfer of DNA between bacterial cells through a physical connection called a pilus. It often transfers plasmids carrying antibiotic resistance genes, facilitating rapid spread within bacterial populations.
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04:21Introduction to Conjugation
Related Practice
Textbook Question
Besides the fact that it synthesizes RNA, how does RNA polymerase differ in function from DNA polymerase?
Textbook Question
In translation, the site through which tRNA molecules leave a ribosome is called the:
a. A site
b. X site
c. P site
d. E site
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Textbook Question
The Ames test ___________.
a. uses auxotrophs and liver extract to reveal mutagens
b. s time intensive and costly
c. involves the isolation of a mutant by eliminating wild-type phenotypes with specific media
d. proves that suspected chemicals are carcinogenic
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Textbook Question
Describe the formation and function of mRNA, rRNA, and tRNA in prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
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Textbook Question
Describe how DNA is packaged in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
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