What property of the bond between a Hydrogen (H) atom and an Oxygen (O) atom in a molecule of watermakes it a polar bond?

O is more electronegative than H.

What property of the bond between a Hydrogen (H) atom and an Oxygen (O) atom in a molecule of water makes it a polar bond?

Alright, everyone. Let's have a look at this practice problem. What property of the bond between a hydrogen atom and in a molecule of water makes it a polar bond. Okay. So there's a lot to unpack in this question. So we're looking at the bond between a hydrogen atom and an oxygen atom inside of a molecule of water, And they want to know what characteristics of this bond make it a polar bond. Remember that we're talking about polar covalent bonding, which is one of the many types of bonding that we've learned about. Okay. So what do we know about water? We know that its formula is H2O. And remember that Jason told us it kind of looks like this, an oxygen with 2 hydrogens attached. Okay. So this is going to be our water molecule and they want to know about these bonds right here. What's going on here? What properties do they have? How are these atoms interacting with one another? Well, remember that polar bonds are gonna be a particular type of covalent bond. And remember that covalent bonds involve sharing of electrons. And this is when the 2 atoms that are bonding with one another are sharing the electrons. Now, if you do this equally, if the atoms share their electrons equally, we call this nonpolar. So nonpolar covalent bonds share the electrons equally. Now, we're going to be talking about polar bonds because they told us that the bonds between hydrogen and oxygen in this water molecule are in fact polar covalent bonds, which they are. And a polar covalent bonds also involves the sharing of electrons, but they don't share it equally. So sharing electrons unequally. So this means that one atom is pulling on those electrons much harder than the other one, and it's got more of the electrons. It's kinda hoarding them a little bit. Okay? So we are specifically talking about the polar covalent bonds, which, in fact, oxygen and hydrogen in water molecules do have polar covalent bonds, so polar covalent bond. Now that means they are sharing unequally. Why do why does unequal sharing happen? Which atom is stronger than the other and why? Remember that this is due to electronegativity. So this type of bonding occurs because one atom is more electronegative. Now, what does that mean? What is electronegativity? Remember, electronegativity is going to be how attracted the, atom is to electrons. So I'm actually gonna make a little note up here. Electronegativity, this is an atom's attraction to electrons. So which of these atoms is the most attracted to electrons? Remember that Jason told us that oxygen is pretty electronegative. And in fact, it's more electronegative than hydrogen. So it is pulling on those electrons from hydrogen really, really hard, and it is going to be more electronegative. So those electrons are going to be more attracted to oxygen, and that is going to give oxygen a partial negative charge because it's got more of the electrons because it's pulling harder and it's gonna give the hydrogens a partial positive charge because they have less of those negative electrons. Okay? So a partial negative and partial positive. So what property of the bond between a hydrogen atom and an oxygen atom in a molecule of water makes that bond polar? And that is going to be because the oxygen is more electronegative than the hydrogen and it's pulling on those electrons more. Why are these other answers here not correct? Answer choice A says oxygen and hydrogen are equally electronegative. This is not correct. This is actually a different form of covalent bonding. This is nonpolar covalent bonding. And this is when the electrons are shared equally. That's because one atom is not stronger than the other. It is not it does not have a stronger attraction to electrons than the other, so they share equally. But if an atom does have a stronger attraction to electrons than the atom it is bonding with, they have unequal electronegativities. Okay. What about answer choice? C, Hydrogen is more electronegative than oxygen. That is not true. Oxygen is the most electronegative in this scenario. Answer choice d, water molecules form ionic bonds with one another. Okay. Here's the problem with this particular answer choice. Our question is asking us about the bonds between hydrogen and oxygen in a single, in one molecule of water. And answer choice D is talking about bonds between water molecules. That is not what we're looking for. But also keep in mind that water molecules do not form ionic bonds because ions are positively or negatively charged atoms, not molecules. Okay? So answer choice d is not correct. What about answer choice e? Hydrogen bonds form between hydrogen and oxygen. This might be a little bit confusing because we do know that water is very good at hydrogen bonding with itself. But remember, remember that hydrogen bonds are intermolecular. They are going to be between molecules, Molecules of water hydrogen bond to each other. This is not between the atoms within a single molecule, which is what our question is asking us about. So answer choice e is not correct either. While water does hydrogen bond with itself. This is not the answer that we're looking for because we're trying to understand what property of the bond between a hydrogen atom and an oxygen atom within a single molecule of water makes it polar. And that is because oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen. Okay, everyone. Let's move on to our next video.

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What property of the bond between a Hydrogen (H) atom and an Oxygen (O) atom in a molecule of watermakes it a polar bond?

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What property of the bond between a Hydrogen (H) atom and an Oxygen (O) atom in a molecule of water
makes it a polar bond?