Textbook Question
Identify each of the following bases as a pyrimidine or a purine:
a. cytosine
1
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Ch.17 Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis
Timberlake14th EditionChemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9781292472249
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Table of contents
- Ch.1 Chemistry in Our Lives19
- Ch.2 Chemistry and Measurements80
- Ch.3 Matter and Energy53
- Ch.4 Atoms and Elements58
- Ch.5 Nuclear Chemistry42
- Ch.6 Ionic and Molecular Compounds57
- Ch.7 Chemical Quantities and Reactions38
- Ch.8 Gases30
- Ch.9 Solutions50
- Ch.10 Acids and Bases and Equilibrium64
- Ch.11 Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Hydrocarbons77
- Ch.12 Alcohols, Thiols, Ethers, Aldehydes, and Ketones82
- Ch.13 Carbohydrates54
- Ch.14 Carboxylic Acids, Esters, Amines, and Amides91
- Ch.15 Lipids61
- Ch.16 Amino Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes84
- Ch.17 Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis86
- Ch.18 Metabolic Pathways and ATP Production73
Timberlake14th EditionChemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9781292472249Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 17, Problem 95a
Identify the base and sugar in each of the following nucleosides:
a. deoxythymidine
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the structure of a nucleoside: A nucleoside consists of a nitrogenous base attached to a sugar molecule. The sugar can be either ribose (in RNA) or deoxyribose (in DNA).
Identify the sugar in deoxythymidine: The prefix 'deoxy-' indicates that the sugar is deoxyribose, which is a modified form of ribose lacking an oxygen atom at the 2' position.
Identify the base in deoxythymidine: The name 'thymidine' refers to the nitrogenous base thymine, which is a pyrimidine base commonly found in DNA.
Combine the base and sugar: Deoxythymidine is composed of the thymine base attached to the deoxyribose sugar via a glycosidic bond.
Verify the context: Ensure that the nucleoside is part of DNA, as indicated by the presence of deoxyribose and thymine, which are specific to DNA.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Nucleosides
Nucleosides are organic molecules that consist of a nitrogenous base attached to a sugar molecule. They are the building blocks of nucleotides, which are essential for forming DNA and RNA. In nucleosides, the sugar can be either ribose (in RNA) or deoxyribose (in DNA), and the nitrogenous base can be adenine, guanine, cytosine, or thymine.
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Naming Nucleosides and Nucleotides Concept 2
Deoxythymidine
Deoxythymidine is a specific nucleoside that consists of the nitrogenous base thymine attached to a deoxyribose sugar. It is a component of DNA, where it pairs with adenine during DNA replication. Understanding its structure is crucial for identifying the base and sugar in nucleosides.
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1:53Naming Nucleosides and Nucleotides Example
Nitrogenous Bases
Nitrogenous bases are the fundamental components of nucleotides and nucleosides, categorized into purines (adenine and guanine) and pyrimidines (cytosine and thymine). These bases are responsible for the genetic coding in DNA and RNA, as they form specific pairs (A-T and C-G in DNA) that dictate the sequence of genetic information.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Identify the base and sugar in each of the following nucleotides:
b. dAMP
Textbook Question
Suppose a mutation occurs in the DNA section in problem 17.89, and the first base in the parent chain, adenine, is replaced by guanine.
d. What effect, if any, might this mutation have on the structure and/or function of the resulting protein?
Textbook Question
Identify the base and sugar in each of the following nucleotides:
d. UMP
Textbook Question
Suppose a mutation occurs in the DNA section in problem 17.89, and the first base in the parent chain, adenine, is replaced by guanine.
c. Write the three-letter symbols for the amino acids that would go into the peptide from the mRNA you wrote in part b.
Textbook Question
Identify the base and sugar in each of the following nucleosides:
c. cytidine