Textbook Question
Identify each of the following as a nucleoside or a nucleotide:
b. guanosine
Ch.17 Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis
Timberlake14th EditionChemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9781292472249
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Table of contents
- Ch.1 Chemistry in Our Lives19
- Ch.2 Chemistry and Measurements80
- Ch.3 Matter and Energy53
- Ch.4 Atoms and Elements58
- Ch.5 Nuclear Chemistry42
- Ch.6 Ionic and Molecular Compounds57
- Ch.7 Chemical Quantities and Reactions38
- Ch.8 Gases30
- Ch.9 Solutions50
- Ch.10 Acids and Bases and Equilibrium64
- Ch.11 Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Hydrocarbons77
- Ch.12 Alcohols, Thiols, Ethers, Aldehydes, and Ketones82
- Ch.13 Carbohydrates54
- Ch.14 Carboxylic Acids, Esters, Amines, and Amides91
- Ch.15 Lipids61
- Ch.16 Amino Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes84
- Ch.17 Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis86
- Ch.18 Metabolic Pathways and ATP Production73
Timberlake14th EditionChemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9781292472249Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 17, Problem 12
In the genetic disease uridine monophosphate synthase deficiency, symptoms include anemia, cardiac malformations, and infections. Draw the condensed structural formula for uridine monophosphate.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the structure of uridine monophosphate (UMP): UMP is a nucleotide composed of three main components: a uracil base, a ribose sugar, and a phosphate group attached to the 5' carbon of the ribose.
Start with the uracil base: Uracil is a pyrimidine base with the molecular formula C₄H₄N₂O₂. It has a six-membered ring containing two nitrogen atoms and two keto groups at positions 2 and 4.
Attach the ribose sugar to the uracil base: The ribose sugar is a five-carbon sugar (C₅H₁₀O₅). In UMP, the ribose is in its β-furanose form, and it is connected to the uracil base via a β-N-glycosidic bond at the 1' carbon of the ribose and the nitrogen at position 1 of the uracil.
Add the phosphate group: The phosphate group (PO₄³⁻) is attached to the 5' carbon of the ribose sugar. This forms the monophosphate part of uridine monophosphate.
Combine all components into a condensed structural formula: Write the condensed structural formula by combining the uracil base, ribose sugar, and phosphate group in their proper connectivity. For example, the uracil base can be represented as part of the structure, the ribose as a sugar ring, and the phosphate group as -OPO₃²⁻ attached to the 5' carbon.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Uridine Monophosphate (UMP)
Uridine monophosphate (UMP) is a nucleotide that serves as a building block for RNA synthesis. It consists of a uracil base, a ribose sugar, and a single phosphate group. Understanding its structure is crucial for grasping its role in cellular processes and its implications in genetic diseases.
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Condensed Structural Formula
A condensed structural formula is a simplified representation of a chemical compound that shows the arrangement of atoms without depicting all the bonds explicitly. It provides a clear view of the molecular structure, making it easier to visualize how atoms are connected, which is essential for understanding the biochemical properties of UMP.
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Genetic Disease Mechanisms
Genetic diseases, such as uridine monophosphate synthase deficiency, arise from mutations that affect enzyme function, leading to metabolic disruptions. Understanding the underlying mechanisms of these diseases helps in identifying symptoms and potential treatments, emphasizing the importance of biochemical pathways in health and disease.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
What components join together to form the backbone of a nucleic acid?
Textbook Question
What nucleic acid subunits are connected in a phosphodiester linkage in a polynucleotide?
Textbook Question
A deficiency of the enzyme adenine transferase causes a lack of adenine for purine synthesis and a high level of adenine in the urine. Draw the condensed structural formula for adenosine monophosphate.
Textbook Question
State whether each of the following components is present in DNA only, RNA only, or both DNA and RNA:
c. uracil
Textbook Question
State whether each of the following components is present in DNA only, RNA only, or both DNA and RNA:
c. deoxycytidine monophosphate