Textbook Question
Using energy values from TABLE 3.8, determine each of the following:
c. If Charles consumes 1800 kcal per day, he will maintain his weight. Would he lose weight on his new diet?
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Ch.3 Matter and Energy
Timberlake13th EditionChemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9780134421353
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Table of contents
- Ch.1 Chemistry in Our Lives11
- Ch.2 Chemistry and Measurements80
- Ch.3 Matter and Energy54
- Ch.4 Atoms and Elements51
- Ch.5 Nuclear Chemistry42
- Ch.6 Ionic and Molecular Compounds57
- Ch.7 Chemical Quantities and Reactions41
- Ch.8 Gases29
- Ch.9 Solutions51
- Ch.10 Acids and Bases and Equilibrium65
- Ch.11 Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Hydrocarbons78
- Ch.12 Alcohols, Thiols, Ethers, Aldehydes, and Ketones83
- Ch.13 Carbohydrates54
- Ch.14 Carboxylic Acids, Esters, Amines, and Amides90
- Ch.15 Lipids61
- Ch.16 Amino Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes84
- Ch.17 Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis83
- Ch.18 Metabolic Pathways and ATP Production67
Timberlake13th EditionChemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9780134421353Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 3, Problem 44d
Identify each of the following changes of state as melting, freezing, sublimation, or deposition:
d. Frost (ice) forms on the walls of a freezer unit of a refrigerator.
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the process described in the problem. Frost forming on the walls of a freezer involves water vapor in the air turning directly into solid ice without becoming liquid first.
Step 2: Recall the definition of deposition. Deposition is the phase change where a substance transitions directly from the gas phase to the solid phase, bypassing the liquid phase.
Step 3: Compare the described process to the definition of deposition. Since water vapor (gas) is turning into ice (solid) directly, this matches the definition of deposition.
Step 4: Confirm that no intermediate liquid phase is involved. The problem explicitly describes frost forming directly from water vapor, which is characteristic of deposition.
Step 5: Conclude that the change of state described in the problem is deposition.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Deposition
Deposition is the process in which a gas transforms directly into a solid without passing through the liquid state. This occurs when the temperature and pressure conditions favor the solid phase, leading to the formation of solid particles from vapor. An example of deposition is the formation of frost on surfaces, where water vapor in the air freezes directly into ice.
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Phase Changes
Phase changes refer to the transitions between different states of matter: solid, liquid, and gas. These changes occur due to variations in temperature and pressure, affecting the energy and arrangement of particles. Understanding phase changes is crucial for identifying processes like melting, freezing, sublimation, and deposition, as they describe how substances behave under different conditions.
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Thermodynamics
Thermodynamics is the branch of physics that deals with heat, work, and energy transfer. It provides the principles governing phase changes, including the energy required for a substance to change from one state to another. In the context of deposition, thermodynamic principles explain how energy loss from water vapor leads to the formation of frost when it cools and solidifies on surfaces.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Identify each of the following changes of state as melting, freezing, sublimation, or deposition:
c. Heat is removed from 125 g of liquid water at 0 °C.
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Textbook Question
Identify each of the following changes of state as melting, freezing, sublimation, or deposition:
a. Dry ice in an ice-cream cart disappears.
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Textbook Question
Using the values for the heat of fusion, specific heat of water, and/or heat of vaporization, calculate the amount of heat energy in each of the following:
c. kilojoules needed to melt 24.0 g of ice at 0 °C, warm the liquid to 100 °C, and change it to steam at 100 °C
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Textbook Question
Using energy values from TABLE 3.8, determine each of the following:
d. If expending 3500 kcal is equal to a loss of 1.0 lb, how many days will it take Charles to lose 5.0 lb?
Textbook Question
Identify each of the following changes of state as melting, freezing, sublimation, or deposition:
b. Snow on the ground turns to liquid water.
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