Textbook Question
Consider the following segment of mRNA produced by the normal order of DNA nucleotides:
ACA UCA CGG GUA
e. What is the amino acid order if an insertion mutation adds a G to the beginning of the mRNA segment?
Ch.17 Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis
Timberlake13th EditionChemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9780134421353
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Table of contents
- Ch.1 Chemistry in Our Lives11
- Ch.2 Chemistry and Measurements80
- Ch.3 Matter and Energy54
- Ch.4 Atoms and Elements51
- Ch.5 Nuclear Chemistry42
- Ch.6 Ionic and Molecular Compounds57
- Ch.7 Chemical Quantities and Reactions41
- Ch.8 Gases29
- Ch.9 Solutions51
- Ch.10 Acids and Bases and Equilibrium65
- Ch.11 Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Hydrocarbons78
- Ch.12 Alcohols, Thiols, Ethers, Aldehydes, and Ketones83
- Ch.13 Carbohydrates54
- Ch.14 Carboxylic Acids, Esters, Amines, and Amides90
- Ch.15 Lipids61
- Ch.16 Amino Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes84
- Ch.17 Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis83
- Ch.18 Metabolic Pathways and ATP Production67
Timberlake13th EditionChemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9780134421353Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 17, Problem 65b
Consider the following segment of mRNA produced by the normal order of DNA nucleotides:
ACA UCA CGG GUA
b. What is the amino acid order if a point mutation changes UCA to ACA?
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the problem. The question involves translating an mRNA sequence into its corresponding amino acid sequence and determining how a point mutation affects the resulting amino acid sequence. A point mutation changes one nucleotide in the mRNA sequence.
Step 2: Recall the genetic code. Each group of three nucleotides (codon) in mRNA corresponds to a specific amino acid. Use a codon chart to determine the amino acid for each codon.
Step 3: Translate the original mRNA sequence (ACA UCA CGG GUA) into amino acids. Break the sequence into codons: ACA, UCA, CGG, and GUA. Use the codon chart to find the amino acid for each codon.
Step 4: Apply the point mutation. The mutation changes UCA to ACA. The new mRNA sequence becomes ACA ACA CGG GUA. Break this new sequence into codons and use the codon chart to determine the new amino acid sequence.
Step 5: Compare the original amino acid sequence to the mutated amino acid sequence. Identify any changes in the amino acid order caused by the mutation.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
mRNA Translation
mRNA translation is the process by which ribosomes synthesize proteins based on the sequence of codons in mRNA. Each codon, a sequence of three nucleotides, corresponds to a specific amino acid. Understanding this process is crucial for determining the resulting amino acid sequence from a given mRNA strand.
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1:42
Introduction to Translation Concept 1
Point Mutation
A point mutation is a change in a single nucleotide in the DNA sequence, which can lead to a change in the corresponding mRNA and potentially alter the amino acid sequence of a protein. In this case, the mutation changes the codon UCA to ACA, which can affect the protein's structure and function.
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03:05Boiling Point Elevation Concept 1
Amino Acid Codons
Amino acid codons are specific sequences of three nucleotides in mRNA that correspond to individual amino acids. The genetic code is universal, meaning that the same codons specify the same amino acids across different organisms. Knowing the codon table is essential for translating mRNA sequences into their respective amino acids.
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3:03Amino Acid Catabolism: Amino Group Example 2
Related Practice
Textbook Question
A point mutation changes a codon in the mRNA for an enzyme from GCC to GCA. Why is there no change in the amino acid order in the protein?
Textbook Question
Consider the following segment of mRNA produced by the normal order of DNA nucleotides:
ACA UCA CGG GUA
f. What is the amino acid order if a deletion mutation removes the A at the beginning of the mRNA segment?
Textbook Question
What is the effect of a deletion mutation on the amino acid sequence of a polypeptide?
Textbook Question
How is protein synthesis affected if the normal base sequence TTT in the DNA template strand is changed to TTC?
Textbook Question
Consider the following segment of mRNA produced by the normal order of DNA nucleotides:
ACA UCA CGG GUA
a. What is the amino acid order produced from this mRNA?