Textbook Question
Identify each of the following as a fatty acid, soap, triacylglycerol, wax, glycerophospholipid, sphingolipid, or steroid:
a. beeswax
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Ch.15 Lipids
Timberlake13th EditionChemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9780134421353
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Table of contents
- Ch.1 Chemistry in Our Lives11
- Ch.2 Chemistry and Measurements80
- Ch.3 Matter and Energy54
- Ch.4 Atoms and Elements51
- Ch.5 Nuclear Chemistry42
- Ch.6 Ionic and Molecular Compounds57
- Ch.7 Chemical Quantities and Reactions41
- Ch.8 Gases29
- Ch.9 Solutions51
- Ch.10 Acids and Bases and Equilibrium65
- Ch.11 Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Hydrocarbons78
- Ch.12 Alcohols, Thiols, Ethers, Aldehydes, and Ketones83
- Ch.13 Carbohydrates54
- Ch.14 Carboxylic Acids, Esters, Amines, and Amides90
- Ch.15 Lipids61
- Ch.16 Amino Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes84
- Ch.17 Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis83
- Ch.18 Metabolic Pathways and ATP Production67
Timberlake13th EditionChemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9780134421353Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 15, Problem 79d
Identify each of the following as a fatty acid, soap, triacylglycerol, wax, glycerophospholipid, sphingolipid, or steroid:
d. glyceryl tripalmitate (tripalmitin)
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the structure of glyceryl tripalmitate (tripalmitin). It is a triacylglycerol, which consists of a glycerol backbone esterified with three fatty acid chains. In this case, the fatty acid is palmitic acid (a 16-carbon saturated fatty acid).
Step 2: Recall the definition of a triacylglycerol. A triacylglycerol is a lipid formed by the esterification of three fatty acids to a glycerol molecule. These are commonly found in fats and oils and serve as energy storage molecules in the body.
Step 3: Compare the structure of glyceryl tripalmitate to other lipid categories. It does not fit the structure of a fatty acid (a single carboxylic acid chain), soap (a salt of a fatty acid), wax (a long-chain alcohol esterified to a fatty acid), glycerophospholipid (contains a phosphate group), sphingolipid (contains a sphingosine backbone), or steroid (characterized by a four-ring structure).
Step 4: Confirm that glyceryl tripalmitate matches the characteristics of a triacylglycerol. It has a glycerol backbone and three fatty acid chains, which are the defining features of this lipid category.
Step 5: Conclude that glyceryl tripalmitate (tripalmitin) is classified as a triacylglycerol based on its structure and functional characteristics.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Triacylglycerol
Triacylglycerols, also known as triglycerides, are esters formed from glycerol and three fatty acids. They serve as a major form of energy storage in animals and plants. When the body requires energy, triacylglycerols are broken down into glycerol and fatty acids through hydrolysis.
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Fatty Acid
Fatty acids are long hydrocarbon chains with a carboxylic acid group at one end. They can be saturated, containing no double bonds, or unsaturated, containing one or more double bonds. Fatty acids are key components of lipids, including triacylglycerols and phospholipids, and play crucial roles in metabolism and cell structure.
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Glycerol
Glycerol is a three-carbon alcohol that serves as the backbone for triacylglycerols and phospholipids. Each of its three hydroxyl groups can form an ester bond with fatty acids, resulting in the formation of lipids. Glycerol is also involved in various metabolic pathways, including glycolysis and gluconeogenesis.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Identify the components (1 to 6) contained in each of the following lipids (a to d):
1. glycerol
2. fatty acid
3. phosphate
4. amino alcohol
5. steroid nucleus
6. sphingosine
d. triacylglycerol
Textbook Question
Identify each of the following as a fatty acid, soap, triacylglycerol, wax, glycerophospholipid, sphingolipid, or steroid:
b. cholesterol
Textbook Question
Identify the components (1 to 6) contained in each of the following lipids (a to d):
1. glycerol
2. fatty acid
3. phosphate
4. amino alcohol
5. steroid nucleus
6. sphingosine
a. estrogen
Textbook Question
The total kilocalories and grams of fat for some typical meals at fast-food restaurants are listed here. Calculate the number of kilocalories and the percentage of total kilocalories from fat (1 gram of fat = 9 kcal). Round answers to the tens place.
a. a beef burrito, 470 kcal, 21 g of fat