Textbook Question
What general kind of chemical reaction does ATP participate in?
Ch.21 The Generation of Biochemical Energy
McMurry8th EditionFundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9780134015187
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Table of contents
- Ch.1 Matter and Measurements27
- Ch.2 Atoms and the Periodic Table20
- Ch.3 Ionic Compounds8
- Ch.4 Molecular Compounds23
- Ch.5 Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions12
- Ch.6 Chemical Reactions: Mole and Mass Relationships28
- Ch.7 Chemical Reactions: Energy, Rate and Equilibrium64
- Ch.8 Gases, Liquids and Solids24
- Ch.9 Solutions52
- Ch.10 Acids and Bases25
- Ch.11 Nuclear Chemistry22
- Ch.12 Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Alkanes57
- Ch.13 Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds47
- Ch.14 Some Compounds with Oxygen, Sulfur, or a Halogen50
- Ch.15 Aldehydes and Ketones45
- Ch.16 Amines42
- Ch.17 Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives57
- Ch.18 Amino Acids and Proteins82
- Ch.19 Enzymes and Vitamins63
- Ch.20 Carbohydrates44
- Ch.21 The Generation of Biochemical Energy65
- Ch.22 Carbohydrate Metabolism45
- Ch.23 Lipids42
- Ch.24 Lipid Metabolism33
- Ch.25 Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism24
- Ch.26 Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis45
McMurry8th EditionFundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9780134015187Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 21, Problem 41
Arrange the following events in the order in which they occur in a catabolic process: electron transport, digestion, oxidative phosphorylation, citric acid cycle.
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Understand the concept of a catabolic process: Catabolism involves breaking down larger molecules into smaller ones to release energy. This process typically includes digestion, energy extraction, and ATP production.
Identify the first step: Digestion is the initial step where large biomolecules (like carbohydrates, proteins, and fats) are broken down into smaller units (like glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids).
Determine the second step: The smaller molecules enter metabolic pathways, such as glycolysis and the citric acid cycle, where they are further broken down to release electrons and energy in the form of reduced coenzymes (NADH and FADH₂).
Recognize the third step: The electrons carried by NADH and FADH₂ are transferred to the electron transport chain, where a series of redox reactions occur, creating a proton gradient across the mitochondrial membrane.
Identify the final step: Oxidative phosphorylation uses the proton gradient created by the electron transport chain to drive ATP synthesis via ATP synthase, producing the majority of the cell's ATP.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Catabolism
Catabolism refers to the metabolic pathways that break down molecules into smaller units, releasing energy in the process. This energy is often captured in the form of ATP, which is used by cells for various functions. Understanding catabolism is essential for analyzing how organisms convert food into usable energy.
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Cellular Respiration
Cellular respiration is the process by which cells convert glucose and oxygen into energy, carbon dioxide, and water. It consists of several stages, including glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation. Recognizing the sequence of these stages is crucial for understanding how energy is produced in catabolic processes.
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Electron Transport Chain
The electron transport chain (ETC) is a series of protein complexes located in the inner mitochondrial membrane that transfer electrons from electron donors to electron acceptors via redox reactions. This process generates a proton gradient that drives ATP synthesis during oxidative phosphorylation, making it a key component of energy production in catabolism.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
What is the difference between catabolism and anabolism?
Textbook Question
What is the difference between digestion and metabolism?
Textbook Question
Why is ATP sometimes called a high-energy molecule?
Textbook Question
What key metabolic intermediate is formed from the catabolism of all three major classes of foods: carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins?
Textbook Question
The following reactions occur during the catabolism of glucose. Which are exergonic? Which is endergonic? Which proceeds farthest toward products at equilibrium?
b. Phosphoenol pyruvate + H2O → Pyruvate + Phosphate(Pi)
∆G = –14.8 kcal/mol (–61.9 kJ/mol)