Textbook Question
Write the formulas of potassium salicylate and disodium oxalate.
Ch.17 Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives
McMurry8th EditionFundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9780134015187
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Table of contents
- Ch.1 Matter and Measurements27
- Ch.2 Atoms and the Periodic Table20
- Ch.3 Ionic Compounds8
- Ch.4 Molecular Compounds23
- Ch.5 Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions12
- Ch.6 Chemical Reactions: Mole and Mass Relationships28
- Ch.7 Chemical Reactions: Energy, Rate and Equilibrium64
- Ch.8 Gases, Liquids and Solids24
- Ch.9 Solutions52
- Ch.10 Acids and Bases25
- Ch.11 Nuclear Chemistry22
- Ch.12 Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Alkanes57
- Ch.13 Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds47
- Ch.14 Some Compounds with Oxygen, Sulfur, or a Halogen50
- Ch.15 Aldehydes and Ketones45
- Ch.16 Amines42
- Ch.17 Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives57
- Ch.18 Amino Acids and Proteins82
- Ch.19 Enzymes and Vitamins63
- Ch.20 Carbohydrates44
- Ch.21 The Generation of Biochemical Energy65
- Ch.22 Carbohydrate Metabolism45
- Ch.23 Lipids42
- Ch.24 Lipid Metabolism33
- Ch.25 Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism24
- Ch.26 Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis45
McMurry8th EditionFundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9780134015187Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 17, Problem 13a
Identify the following molecules as an ester, a carboxylic acid, or an amide, and write both the condensed and line-structural formula for each.
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Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the functional groups associated with esters, carboxylic acids, and amides. An ester contains a carbonyl group (C=O) directly bonded to an oxygen atom that is also bonded to another carbon atom. A carboxylic acid contains a carbonyl group (C=O) directly bonded to a hydroxyl group (-OH). An amide contains a carbonyl group (C=O) directly bonded to a nitrogen atom (N).
Step 2: Examine the molecular structure provided in the image. Look for the key functional groups (C=O, -OH, -O-, or -NH2) to identify whether the molecule is an ester, carboxylic acid, or amide.
Step 3: Once the functional group is identified, classify the molecule accordingly. For example, if the molecule has a C=O group bonded to an -OH group, it is a carboxylic acid. If it has a C=O group bonded to an -O- group, it is an ester. If it has a C=O group bonded to an -NH2 or -NHR group, it is an amide.
Step 4: Write the condensed structural formula for the molecule. This involves representing the molecule in a compact form, showing the arrangement of atoms and functional groups without explicitly drawing bonds.
Step 5: Draw the line-structural formula for the molecule. This involves using lines to represent bonds between atoms, with the functional groups clearly depicted. Ensure the structure is consistent with the functional group identified in Step 3.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Ester
Esters are organic compounds formed from the reaction of an alcohol and a carboxylic acid, characterized by the functional group -COO-. They often have pleasant fruity odors and are commonly found in natural products and synthetic flavors. The general structure can be represented as RCOOR', where R and R' are hydrocarbon chains.
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Common Naming: Esters Concept 2
Carboxylic Acid
Carboxylic acids are organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group (-COOH), which consists of a carbonyl (C=O) and a hydroxyl (OH) group. They are known for their acidic properties and are commonly found in various biological and industrial processes. The general formula for a carboxylic acid is RCOOH, where R is a hydrocarbon chain.
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1:09Carboxylic Acid Reactions Example 1
Amide
Amides are organic compounds derived from carboxylic acids where the hydroxyl group is replaced by an amine or ammonia. They contain the functional group -CONH2, -CONHR, or -CONR2, making them important in biochemistry, particularly in the formation of proteins. Amides can be classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary based on the number of carbon groups attached to the nitrogen.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Draw structures of the amides that can be made from the following reactants:
a. CH3NH2 + (CH3)2CHCOOH →?
Textbook Question
What are the names of the following compounds?
c.
Textbook Question
Write both condensed and line structures for (a) the ester formed when butyric acid reacts with cyclopentanol.
Textbook Question
In the following pairs of compounds, which would you expect to be more soluble in water? Why?
a. C8H17COOH or CH3CH2CH2COOH
Textbook Question
Write the products of the following reactions:
b. 2, 2-Dimethylpentanoic acid + KOH → ?