Textbook Question
Draw skeletal structures for each of the following molecules:
(b) cis-1-chloro-3-methylcyclohexane
Ch.4 Introduction to Organic Compounds
Frost4th EditionGeneral, Organic and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9780134988696
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Table of contents
- Ch.4 Introduction to Organic Compounds75
- Ch.5 Chemical Reactions19
- Ch.6 Carbohydrates Life's Sweet Molecules62
- Ch.7 States of Matter and Their Attractive Forces8
- Ch.8 Solution Chemistry Sugar and Water Do Mix4
- Ch.10 Proteins Workers of the Cell89
- Ch.11 Nucleic Acids Big Molecules with a Big Role69
- Ch.12 Food as Fuel An Overview of Metabolism65
Frost4th EditionGeneral, Organic and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9780134988696Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 1, Problem 57b
Write the condensed formula for each of the following molecules:
(b) 1,3-dichloro-3-methylheptane
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify the parent chain: The name '1,3-dichloro-3-methylheptane' indicates that the parent chain is 'heptane,' which consists of 7 carbon atoms in a straight chain.
Determine the substituents: The molecule has two chlorine atoms ('dichloro') attached to carbons 1 and 3, and a methyl group ('methyl') attached to carbon 3.
Number the carbon atoms in the parent chain: Assign numbers to the carbon atoms in the heptane chain, starting from the end closest to the first substituent. This ensures the substituents are assigned the lowest possible numbers.
Write the condensed formula: Begin with the first carbon and write its bonded hydrogens and substituents. For example, carbon 1 has a chlorine atom and two hydrogens, so it is written as CH2Cl. Continue this process for all carbons in the chain, ensuring to include the substituents at their respective positions.
Combine the information: Assemble the condensed formula by writing the groups in sequence, ensuring the substituents are placed correctly based on their positions in the name (1,3-dichloro and 3-methyl).
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Condensed Formula
A condensed formula is a way of representing a chemical compound that shows the arrangement of atoms in a molecule without depicting all the bonds explicitly. It provides a simplified view of the molecular structure, indicating how atoms are grouped together. For example, in a condensed formula, carbon atoms are often listed in a linear fashion, with hydrogen atoms implied based on the tetravalency of carbon.
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Condensed Formula Concept 1
IUPAC Nomenclature
IUPAC nomenclature is a systematic method for naming chemical compounds, established by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. It provides rules for naming organic compounds based on their structure, including the identification of the longest carbon chain, substituents, and their positions. Understanding IUPAC nomenclature is essential for translating a compound's name into its corresponding chemical structure and condensed formula.
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Substituents in Organic Chemistry
Substituents are atoms or groups of atoms that replace hydrogen atoms in a hydrocarbon chain. In the case of 1,3-dichloro-3-methylheptane, the substituents are two chlorine atoms and a methyl group attached to the heptane backbone. Recognizing the position and type of substituents is crucial for accurately writing the condensed formula and understanding the compound's chemical properties.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Identify all of the functional groups in each of the following molecules:
(b)
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Draw skeletal structures for each of the following molecules:
(a) ethylcyclopropane
Textbook Question
Name the four functional groups circled in the following molecule:
Textbook Question
Identify all of the functional groups in each of the following molecules:
(b)
Textbook Question
A widely used general anesthetic is called halothane or Fluothane. Its IUPAC name is 2-bromo-2-chloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane. Draw the Lewis structure for this compound.