Textbook Question
Propyl acetate is the ester that gives the odor and smell of pears.
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d. Write the balanced chemical equation for the base hydrolysis of propyl acetate with NaOH.
Ch.14 Carboxylic Acids, Esters, Amines, and Amides
Timberlake13th EditionChemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9780134421353
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Table of contents
- Ch.1 Chemistry in Our Lives11
- Ch.2 Chemistry and Measurements80
- Ch.3 Matter and Energy54
- Ch.4 Atoms and Elements51
- Ch.5 Nuclear Chemistry42
- Ch.6 Ionic and Molecular Compounds57
- Ch.7 Chemical Quantities and Reactions41
- Ch.8 Gases29
- Ch.9 Solutions51
- Ch.10 Acids and Bases and Equilibrium65
- Ch.11 Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Hydrocarbons78
- Ch.12 Alcohols, Thiols, Ethers, Aldehydes, and Ketones83
- Ch.13 Carbohydrates54
- Ch.14 Carboxylic Acids, Esters, Amines, and Amides90
- Ch.15 Lipids61
- Ch.16 Amino Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes84
- Ch.17 Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis83
- Ch.18 Metabolic Pathways and ATP Production67
Timberlake13th EditionChemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9780134421353Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 14, Problem 79b
Propyl acetate is the ester that gives the odor and smell of pears.
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b. Write the balanced chemical equation for the formation of propyl acetate.
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify the reactants involved in the formation of propyl acetate. Esters like propyl acetate are typically formed through a reaction between a carboxylic acid and an alcohol. In this case, the carboxylic acid is acetic acid (CH₃COOH), and the alcohol is 1-propanol (CH₃CH₂CH₂OH).
Write the general reaction for esterification: . Here, R represents the alkyl group from the carboxylic acid, and R' represents the alkyl group from the alcohol.
Substitute the specific reactants into the general equation. For acetic acid (CH₃COOH) and 1-propanol (CH₃CH₂CH₂OH), the reaction becomes: .
Balance the chemical equation. In this case, the equation is already balanced as written because the number of each type of atom is the same on both sides of the equation.
Verify the product. The ester formed is propyl acetate (CH₃COOCH₂CH₂CH₃), and water (H₂O) is the byproduct of the reaction. This confirms the balanced chemical equation for the formation of propyl acetate.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Esterification
Esterification is a chemical reaction that forms an ester from an alcohol and a carboxylic acid. In this process, the hydroxyl group (-OH) from the acid and a hydrogen atom from the alcohol combine to release water (H2O), resulting in the formation of the ester. This reaction is typically catalyzed by an acid, which helps to drive the reaction to completion.
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Ester Reactions: Esterification Example 1
Balanced Chemical Equation
A balanced chemical equation represents a chemical reaction with equal numbers of each type of atom on both sides of the equation. Balancing ensures the law of conservation of mass is upheld, meaning that matter is neither created nor destroyed in the reaction. This is crucial for accurately depicting the reactants and products involved in the formation of compounds like propyl acetate.
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Propyl Acetate
Propyl acetate is an organic compound classified as an ester, formed from propanol (an alcohol) and acetic acid (a carboxylic acid). It is known for its fruity odor, reminiscent of pears, and is commonly used in the food and fragrance industries. Understanding its structure and formation is essential for writing the correct balanced chemical equation for its synthesis.
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2:17Formation of Hemiacetals and Acetals Concept 2
Related Practice
Textbook Question
Draw the condensed structural or line-angle formulas for the products from the hydrolysis of each of the following:
b.
Textbook Question
Propyl acetate is the ester that gives the odor and smell of pears.
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e. How many milliliters of a 0.208 M NaOH solution is needed to completely hydrolyze (saponify) 1.58 g of propyl acetate?
Textbook Question
Propyl acetate is the ester that gives the odor and smell of pears.
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a. Draw the condensed structural formula for propyl acetate.
Textbook Question
Draw the line-angle formula and write the IUPAC name for each of the following:
a. A carboxylic acid that has the formula C6H12O2, with no substituents
Textbook Question
Ethyl octanoate is a flavor component of mangoes.
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c. Write the balanced chemical equation for the acid hydrolysis of ethyl octanoate.