Textbook Question
Consider the amino acids lysine, valine, and aspartate in an enzyme. State which of these amino acids have R groups that would:
b. be found in hydrophilic regions
Ch.16 Amino Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes
Timberlake13th EditionChemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9780134421353
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Table of contents
- Ch.1 Chemistry in Our Lives11
- Ch.2 Chemistry and Measurements80
- Ch.3 Matter and Energy54
- Ch.4 Atoms and Elements51
- Ch.5 Nuclear Chemistry42
- Ch.6 Ionic and Molecular Compounds57
- Ch.7 Chemical Quantities and Reactions41
- Ch.8 Gases29
- Ch.9 Solutions51
- Ch.10 Acids and Bases and Equilibrium65
- Ch.11 Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Hydrocarbons78
- Ch.12 Alcohols, Thiols, Ethers, Aldehydes, and Ketones83
- Ch.13 Carbohydrates54
- Ch.14 Carboxylic Acids, Esters, Amines, and Amides90
- Ch.15 Lipids61
- Ch.16 Amino Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes84
- Ch.17 Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis83
- Ch.18 Metabolic Pathways and ATP Production67
Timberlake13th EditionChemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9780134421353Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 16, Problem 76a
Give the substrate of each of the following enzymes:
a. maltase
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the role of enzymes: Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions by binding to specific molecules called substrates. The name of an enzyme often gives a clue about its substrate or the reaction it catalyzes.
Analyze the enzyme name 'maltase': The suffix '-ase' indicates that this is an enzyme, and the root 'malt-' suggests a connection to maltose, a type of sugar.
Recall the function of maltase: Maltase is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of maltose into two glucose molecules. Hydrolysis is a reaction where water is used to break a bond.
Identify the substrate: Based on the enzyme's name and function, the substrate of maltase is maltose, a disaccharide composed of two glucose units linked by a glycosidic bond.
Conclude: The substrate of maltase is maltose, and the enzyme facilitates its breakdown into glucose molecules during digestion.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Enzyme Substrate Specificity
Enzyme substrate specificity refers to the unique ability of an enzyme to bind to a specific substrate, which is the molecule upon which the enzyme acts. This specificity is determined by the enzyme's active site, where the substrate fits like a key in a lock. Understanding this concept is crucial for identifying the correct substrate for any given enzyme.
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Enzyme-Substrate Complex Concept 1
Maltase Function
Maltase is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of maltose, a disaccharide sugar, into two glucose molecules. This reaction is essential in carbohydrate digestion, particularly in breaking down starches into simpler sugars that can be absorbed by the body. Recognizing maltase's function helps in understanding its substrate and role in metabolic processes.
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Carbohydrate Metabolism
Carbohydrate metabolism encompasses the biochemical processes that convert carbohydrates into energy and other metabolites. This includes the breakdown of complex carbohydrates into simple sugars, which are then utilized for energy production. Knowledge of carbohydrate metabolism is important for comprehending how enzymes like maltase contribute to overall energy homeostasis in living organisms.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
If a blood test indicates a high level of ALT, what could be the cause?
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Textbook Question
Indicate whether each of the following would be a substrate (S) or an enzyme (E):
a. glucose
Textbook Question
How would the lock-and-key model explain that sucrase hydrolyzes sucrose, but not lactose?
Textbook Question
Give the substrate of each of the following enzymes:
a. urease
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Textbook Question
Maltase is an enzyme that hydrolyzes maltose to two glucose molecules.
b. Draw an energy diagram for the reaction with and without maltase.
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