Textbook Question
Compare the differences between β oxidation and fatty acid synthesis (lipogenesis). Are these pathways the reverse of each other?
Ch.24 Lipid Metabolism
McMurry8th EditionFundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9780134015187
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Table of contents
- Ch.1 Matter and Measurements27
- Ch.2 Atoms and the Periodic Table20
- Ch.3 Ionic Compounds8
- Ch.4 Molecular Compounds23
- Ch.5 Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions12
- Ch.6 Chemical Reactions: Mole and Mass Relationships28
- Ch.7 Chemical Reactions: Energy, Rate and Equilibrium64
- Ch.8 Gases, Liquids and Solids24
- Ch.9 Solutions52
- Ch.10 Acids and Bases25
- Ch.11 Nuclear Chemistry22
- Ch.12 Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Alkanes57
- Ch.13 Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds47
- Ch.14 Some Compounds with Oxygen, Sulfur, or a Halogen50
- Ch.15 Aldehydes and Ketones45
- Ch.16 Amines42
- Ch.17 Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives57
- Ch.18 Amino Acids and Proteins82
- Ch.19 Enzymes and Vitamins63
- Ch.20 Carbohydrates44
- Ch.21 The Generation of Biochemical Energy65
- Ch.22 Carbohydrate Metabolism45
- Ch.23 Lipids42
- Ch.24 Lipid Metabolism33
- Ch.25 Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism24
- Ch.26 Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis45
McMurry8th EditionFundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9780134015187Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 24, Problem 23
Write the equation for the hydrolysis of a triacylglycerol composed of stearic acid, oleic acid, and linoleic acid by pancreatic lipase.
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Identify the structure of a triacylglycerol. A triacylglycerol consists of a glycerol backbone esterified to three fatty acid chains. In this case, the fatty acids are stearic acid (saturated), oleic acid (monounsaturated), and linoleic acid (polyunsaturated).
Understand the process of hydrolysis. Hydrolysis involves breaking the ester bonds in the triacylglycerol molecule by the addition of water, catalyzed by the enzyme pancreatic lipase.
Write the general reaction for the hydrolysis of a triacylglycerol: .
Substitute the specific fatty acids into the reaction. The products will be glycerol and the free fatty acids: stearic acid (), oleic acid (), and linoleic acid ().
Write the complete reaction: .
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Triacylglycerol Structure
Triacylglycerols, also known as triglycerides, are esters formed from glycerol and three fatty acids. In this case, the fatty acids are stearic acid, oleic acid, and linoleic acid. Understanding the structure is crucial as it determines how the molecule interacts with enzymes like pancreatic lipase during hydrolysis.
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Triacylglycerols Concept 1
Hydrolysis Reaction
Hydrolysis is a chemical reaction that involves the breakdown of a compound by water. In the context of triacylglycerols, hydrolysis results in the release of glycerol and free fatty acids. This reaction is catalyzed by enzymes such as pancreatic lipase, which facilitates the cleavage of ester bonds.
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Pancreatic Lipase Function
Pancreatic lipase is an enzyme produced by the pancreas that plays a key role in the digestion of dietary fats. It specifically hydrolyzes the ester bonds in triacylglycerols, converting them into glycerol and free fatty acids. Understanding its function is essential for writing the correct hydrolysis equation for the specified triacylglycerol.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
What is the origin of the triacylglycerols transported by very low-density lipoproteins?
Textbook Question
The glycerol derived from lipolysis of triacylglycerols is converted into glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, which then enters into step 6 of the glycolysis pathway. What further transformations are necessary to convert glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate into pyruvate?
Textbook Question
What is the purpose of bile acids in lipid digestion?
Textbook Question
Why do lipids make you feel full for a long time after a meal?
Textbook Question
How is cholesterol transported around the body? When it leaves the liver, what is its destination and use?